Proteins And Enzymes

Question 1

In humans, the enzyme maltase breaks down maltose to glucose.
This takes place at normal body temperature.
Explain why maltase:
• only breaks down maltose
• allows this reaction to take place at normal body temperature.

Answer 1

1. Tertiary structure of the enzyme
2. Active site complementary to maltose
3. the enzyme changes shape when it comes into contact with the substrate
   This changes the shape of the enzyme allowing it to form a functional active site
4. enzyme lowers activation action by forming E-S complexes

Question 2

Scientists have investigated the effects of competitive and non-competitive
inhibitors of enzyme maltase.
Describe competitive and non-competitive inhibition of an enzyme

Answer 2

1. Inhibitors prevent the formation of E-S complexes
2. Competitive inhibitors
   - Inhibitors are similar in shape to the substrate
   - It binds to the active site of he enzyme reducing the E-S complexes formed

-Inhibition can be overcome by adding more substrates

Non - competitive inhibitors

• Inhibitors bind to the site on enzyme either than active site
• Prevent formation of active site/ changes the shape of the active site and so no more enzyme - substrate complexes are formed