proteins

Question 1

What is a protein?

Answer 1

a polymer that is made of amino acid monomers

Question 2

What are the functions of a protein?

Answer 2

• supports ligaments, tendons skin (collagen, keratin)
• speeds chemical reactions (enzymes)
• influence cellular metabolism (actin, myosin)
• transport molecules in blood (hemoglobin)
• combine with foreign molecules to stop bad stuff from happening (antibodies)

Question 3

What is the structure of an amino acid?

Answer 3

carbon atom surrounded by a hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group (-COOH), and an R group

Question 4

What is the structure of a peptide?

Answer 4

two amino acids bonded together to form a dipeptide

Question 5

What is the structure of a polypeptide?

Answer 5

a chain of amino acids bonded by peptide bonds

Question 6

What are the four levels of organization of protein structure? Describe them

Answer 6

primary: amino acids are joined
secondary: H-bonds link amino acids together to form an alpha helix or a beta pleated sheet
tertiary: covalent (disulfide) bonds between R groups links the chain together to forma 3D shape
quartenary: 2+ polypeptides join together to form a single protein

Question 7

What is denatured? Give an example

Answer 7

When a protein undergoes extreme heat or pH exposure and permanently changes shape