Nucleic Acids Flashcards
1
Q
What are the two types of nucleic acids?
A
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) ribonucleic acid (RNA)
2
Q
what are the 3 subunits that make up DNA and RNA?
A
pentose sugar, phosphate, nitrogen-containing base
3
Q
What are the 3 differences between DNA and RNA?
A
- DNA has thymine, RNA has uracil
- DNA has sugar deoxyribose, RNA has sugar ribose
- DNA is double stranded with a base pairing helix, RNA is single stranded
4
Q
What are the functions of DNA and RNA?
A
DNA stores genetic information, RNA carries info from DNA to the ribosome
5
Q
What is ATP?
A
adenosine triphosphate, energy or “currency of the cells”
6
Q
What are the three functions of ATP?
A
- supply energy to synthesize macromolecules
- supply energy to pump substances across the plasma membrane
- supply energy needed for processes (i.e. muscle movement)
7
Q
How does ATP release energy?
A
triphosphate + adenosine –(H2O)—> diphosphate + adenosine + phosphate + ENERGY
