Basic Chemistry/Water Flashcards
What are the charges of the three subatomic particles?
electron- negative
neutron- neutral
proton- postive
atomic number
of protons
what is an isotope?
Same number of protons but they have different atomic masses
What is a molecule?
2+ atoms covalently bond together
What is a compound?
2+ different elements bonded together
What function does high heat capacity play in organisms?
-Water temperature stabilization, internal temp stabilization
What function does high heat of vaporization play in organisms? Why does water have high heat of vaporization?
- Helps animals cool down, moderates temperature
- H-bonds must break before it can change into vaporized state
Why is water a solvent? Why is it helpful?
- water is polar
- water facilitates chemical reactions inside/outside living organisms
Why are molecules cohesive and adhesive? How is this helpful?
- cohesion: water molecules cling together because of hydrogen bonding
- adhesion: positive/negative poles allow water to adhere to polar surfaces
- fill tubular vessels, blood/roots
Why does water have high surface tension?
- hydrogen bonding
- bugs can float on the surface of the water
Why is ice is less dense than water? How is this helpful?
- Crystal structure forms, more open space than liquid
- insulates large bodies of water, allows organisms to survive
What are acids, what are bases?
- Acids release H+
- Bases release OH-
What are organic molecules?
Will always contain C and H
What are the four main macromolecules?
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
What is a dehydration reaction?
monomers join together to form polymers by removing OH and H
