Proteins Flashcards
1
Q
Dipeptide
A
- two amino acids joined together by peptide bond
2
Q
Peptide bond (3)
A
- bond between two amino acids
- between amino group and carboxyl group
- formed through condensation/ dehydration reaction
3
Q
Describe primary structure of protein
A
- sequence showing a linear chain of amino acids
- maintained through peptide bonds
4
Q
Secondary structure of protein
A
- partially 3D structure maintained by hydrogen bonds
- alpha helix
- beta pleated
5
Q
Tertiary structure
A
- interactions between the R groups to create a 3D shape
- hydrophobic interactions
- disulphide bonds
- iconic bonds
6
Q
Quaternary structure and example
A
- more than one tertiary structures fitted together
- weak R group interactions
- Van de Waal forces between sub units
- eg Haemoglobin
7
Q
Describe Haemoglobin
A
- globular
- 4 subunits
- 2 beta chains, 2 alpha chains
- 4 haem groups
- transports oxygen in the blood; haem group contain iron binds to oxygen
8
Q
Describe collagen
A
- fibrous
- connective tissues; skin, tendons, ligaments
- mainly glycerin
9
Q
What is the amino acid generalised structure?
A
- central CH
- Amino group- NH2
- carboxyl group; COOH
- R group
10
Q
Insulin
A
Hormone that controls blood glucose concentration
Globular
11
Q
How are proteins used in signalling
A
Hormones
Act as chemical messengers at receptors of cells
Enzymes
Change receptors
12
Q
Keratin
A
Fibrous
Structural protein
Found in; hooves, hair, scales, nails
13
Q
Pepsin and lipase
A
Hydrolytic digestive enzymes of the gut
14
Q
Prosthetic groups
A
In conjugated proteins
Not an amino acid
Eg Haem group
15
Q
Tripsin
A
Globular Protease
Breaks down proteins first in alimentary canal
