Lipids Flashcards

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1
Q

Uses of lipids;

A
  • steroid hormones
  • source of cholesterol
  • insulation of neurones
  • membranes
  • protection of organs
  • thermal insulation
  • stores energy/ biological fuel
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2
Q

Describe saturated fatty acids

- and example

A
  • maximum hydrogen bonds
  • solid at room temperature
  • eg palmitic acid
  • single carbon bonds
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3
Q

Describe unsaturated fatty acids

- and example

A
  • double bond carbon
  • not fully saturated with hydrogen
  • liquid at room temperature
  • double bond causes a kink in structure
  • linoleic acid
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4
Q

Describe a triglyceride

A
  • glycerol + 3 fatty acids
  • 3 ester bonds
  • created through condensation
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5
Q

Describe phospholipids (5)

A
  • two fatty acids tail
  • phosphate head
  • amphipathic; hydrophilic head, hydrophobic tail
  • Contains glycerol
  • ester bonds
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6
Q

Describe cholesterol

A
  • amphipathic; OH group polar head phospholipid

Hydrocarbon end hydrophobic

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7
Q

Briefly describe lipids

A
  • insoluble in water
  • oily/ greasy/ waxy consistency
  • water repelling
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8
Q

What are the three types of lipids?

A
  • triglycerides
  • phospholipids
  • steroids
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9
Q

Describe a fatty acid

A
  • carboxylic acid

- carboxyl group (COOH) and hydrocarbon chain

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