Proteins Flashcards
assist your body in creating new cells
and repairing existing ones.
● provide structural support, biochemical
catalysts, hormones, enzymes, building
blocks, and trigger cellular death.
Proteins
What is the monomer of
PROTEINS?
Amino Acid
Greek word “proteios” meaning
First place
Proteins are important in the structure
of the cells; they serve as
○ Gene activators
○ Membrane receptors
○ Transporters
○ Clotting factors, etc.
SEVEN MAJOR
CLASSES OF PROTEINS
- Structural Protein
- Contractile Protein
- Storage Protein
- Defensive Protein
- Transport Protein
- Signal Protein
- Enzymes
● Found in the hair of mammals
● Fiber that makes up the tendons and
ligaments
Keratin, collagen, and elastin are
examples of structural proteins.
Structural Protein
● Proteins that provide muscular
movement
Contractile Protein
● Such as ovalbumin, the main substance
of egg white
Storage Protein
● includes antibodies that promote
protection against foreign bodies
Defensive Protein
● includes antibodies that promote
protection against foreign bodies
Defensive Protein
includes hemoglobin, the
iron-containing protein in the blood that
transports oxygen from the lungs to the
other parts of the body.
Transport Protein
Such as hormones which help
coordinate body activities
Signal Protein
Serves as the chemical catalyst that
changes the rate of chemical reactions
Enzymes
Amino acids are linked by a peptide
bond also called the
Amide Bond
FOUR STRUCTURES
OF PROTEINS
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quarternary
● the simplest level of protein structure
● is simply the sequence of amino acids
in a polypeptide chain.
● is attached together by a covalent pr
peptide bonds.
● this process is done during the
biosynthesis or translation
Primary Structure
the most common types
of secondary structures
are the α
helix and the β
pleated sheet.
Is the overall three-dimensional
structure of a polypeptide
● Is primarily due to interactions between
the R groups of the amino acids that
make up the protein.
Tertiary structure
The quaternary structure of a protein is the
association of several protein chains or
subunits into a closely packed
arrangement.
● Each of the subunits has its own primary,
secondary, and tertiary structure
Quarterly structure
Protein serve us;
● Structural support
● Biochemical catalysts
● Hormones
● Enzymes
● Building blocks
● Initiators of cellular death
● Known as immunoglobulins
(lg), these are Y-shaped
proteins that help in
protecting the body by
fighting all foreign bodies
called antigens.
● Example:
Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
Anti body
are proteins that
transmit signals to coordinate biological
processes between different cells,
tissues, and organs.
Example: Growth hormone
Messenger Protein
● These are a type of protein that
provides structure and support for cells.
● Example: Actin, Myosin
Structural Components
● These are proteins that bind and carry
molecules within the cells and
throughout the body
● Example: Ferritin
Transport Storage
