Nucleic Acid

Question 1

● Are organic compounds that serve as
genetic information storage molecules.
● Provides the information to make
proteins

Answer 1

Nucleic Acid

Question 2

What is the monomer of
NUCLEIC ACID?

Answer 2

Nucleotides

Question 3

What is the monomer of
NUCLEIC ACID?

Answer 3

Nucleotides

Question 4

Is made up of five-carbon sugar,
phosphate group and nitrogenous base,
arranged in two long strands that forms
a spiral called a double helix.

Answer 4

Nucleotide

Question 5

a naturally occurring
chemical compound that serve as the
primary information carrying molecule in
cell and make up genetic material.

Answer 5

Nucleic Acid

Question 6

3 TYPES OF RNA

Answer 6

● mRNA – Messenger RNA
● rRNA – Ribosomal RNA
● tRNA – Transfer RNA

Question 7

● Carries genetic codes from DNA to
Ribosomes
● Nucleus to Ribosomes

Answer 7

Mrna

Question 8

● Consist of 80% of the total RNA in the
body found in the ribosomes.
● They stay in the ribosomes that is found
in the cell.

Answer 8

rRna

Question 9

They transfer amino acids during
protein synthesis

Answer 9

tRna

Question 10

molecules that speed up
the rate of chemical
reaction.

Answer 10

Enzymes

Question 11

A region of the DNA that was replicated
will be converted into mRNA.

Answer 11

Transcription

Question 12

Information in the nucleotide base
sequence of mRNA is used to dictate
the amino acid sequence of a protein.

Answer 12

Translation

Question 13

are large category of mutations that
describe a change in single
nucleotide of DNA, that causes that
DNA to be different from the normal
type gene sequence.

Answer 13

Point mutation

Question 14

● It has no effect on the protein sequence

Answer 14

silent mutation

Question 15

● It results in an amino acid substitution

Answer 15

Missense mutation

Question 16

● It substitute a stop codon for an amino
acid

Answer 16

Nonsense mutation

Question 17

● the DNA is divided into codons (or a trio
of nucleotides).
● A deletion or insertion of one or more
nucleotides will change the reading
frame of the coding strand or how the
codons are read.

Answer 17

Frameshift mutation

Question 18

● are commonly in the form of toxic chemicals
and harmful radiation.
● Sometimes, mistakes occur in DNA
replication, mitosis and meiosis. All of these
can alter the DNA sequence and length.

Answer 18

Mutagens

Question 19

produces transgenic or GM
crops of organisms. Scientists have
developed methods to move genes from
one species into another.

Answer 19

Genetic Engineering

Question 20

When DNA from two different
species is joined together, it is
called

Answer 20

Recombinant DNA

Question 21

are able to manufacture genetic
products foreign to them using
recombinant DNA.

Answer 21

Transgenic Organism

Question 22

has already been applied to bacteria,
plants and animals. These organisms
are engineered to be of use to humans.

Answer 22

Genetic Engineering

Question 23

present
organisms with an advantage over
others and ensure their survival

Answer 23

Favorable Mutation

Question 24

are single cells that can survive on their
own, inside and outside the body

Answer 24

Bacteria

Question 25

cause infections by entering and
multiplying inside the hosts healthy cells

Answer 25

Viruses

Question 26

Insertions or deletions of nucleotides may result in a shift in the reading frame or insertion of a stop codon.

Answer 26

Frameshift mutation

Question 27

KEY PLAYERS in the process of DNA Replication

Answer 27

• Helicase

2. Primase
3. DNA Polymerase
4. Ligase

Question 28

The unzipping enzyme

An enzyme that unzips / separates the double helix by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the complementary bases.

Answer 28

Helicase

Question 29

The initializer

An enzyme that synthesizes short RNA sequences called primers. These primers serve as a starting point for DNA synthesis.

Answer 29

Primase

Question 30

• The builder

• An enzyme that replicates DNA to build a new strand.

Answer 30

Dear Polymerase

Question 31

The gluer

An enzyme which connects two strands for DNA together

Answer 31

Ligase