Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

(JJ) BIOCHEMISTRY > proteins > Flashcards

proteins Flashcards

1
Q

Very _________ __________ in our
cells and are _________ for all
living organisms.

A

important molecules; essential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Most abundant _________ _________
of the living system.

A

organic molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Importance of Proteins

A
  1. Major structural component of
    animal tissues.
  2. Involved in the maintenance of life
    processes such as: (C, D, MR,BC, OT)
  3. 15% of our body mass
  4. abundant solid substances in bodies
  5. building, maintaining tissues
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Involved in the maintenance of life
processes such as:

A

(C, D, MR,BC, OT)
Communication(nerves)
Defense(antibodies)
Metabolic regulation(hormones)
Biochemical catalysis(enzymes)
Oxygen transport(hemoglobin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Proteins were first described by the
Dutch chemist

A

Gerardus Johannes
Mulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Proteins are first named by the Swedish chemist.

A

Jöns Jacob Berzelius in 1838.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Believed that
protein was the most important
nutrient for maintaining
the structure of the body,
because it was generally
believed that
“flesh makes flesh“.

A

Carl von Voit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

1926, the enzyme urease was a protein.

A

James B. Sumner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

First who sequenced insulin.

A

Frederick Sanger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The first protein structures to be solved.

A
  • Hemoglobin & Myoglobin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The first protein structures to be solved by?

A

Max Perutz and Sir John Cowdery
Kendrew, in 1958.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The three-dimensional structures of
both proteins were first determined by the ____ ________ analysis.

A

X-ray diffraction analysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

They shared the 1962 Nobel Prize
in Chemistry for these discoveries. (where the three-dimensional structures of
both proteins were first determined)

A

Perutz and Kendrew

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The elementary composition of most
proteins are?

A

55% Carbon
15% Nitrogen
7% Hydrogen
1% Sulfur
23% Oxygen
< 1% Phosphorus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Characteristics of Proteins

A

broken down to units by enzyme
amino group and acid group (ampotheric).
elementary composition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Functions of Proteins

A

(ASSCETH)
Antibodies
Contractile proteins
Enzymes
Hormonal proteins
Structural proteins
Storage proteins
Transport proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

(Type of Proteins) They are specialized proteins involved in defending the body from antigens.

A

Antibodies

18
Q

One way antibodies counteract
antigens is by _______________ them so
they can be destroyed by white blood
cells.

A

immobilizing

19
Q

(Type of Proteins) They are responsible for muscle contraction and movement.

A

Contractile Proteins

20
Q

Examples of
CONTRACTILE proteins
include…?

A

actin
and myosin

21
Q

(Type of Proteins) They are proteins that facilitate
biochemical reactions.

A

Enzymes

22
Q

(Type of Proteins) They are often referred to as catalysts
because they speed up chemical
reactions.

A

Enzymes

23
Q

(Type of Proteins) They are messenger
proteins which help to coordinate
certain bodily activities.

A

Hormonal Proteins

24
Q

Examples of Hormonal proteins include…?

A

insulin, oxytocin,
and somatotropin

25
Q

(Hormonal Proteins) It regulates glucose metabolism by controlling the blood-sugar concentration.

A

Insulin

26
Q

(Hormonal Proteins) It stimulates contractions during childbirth.

A

Oxytocin

27
Q

(Hormonal Proteins) It is a growth hormone that stimulates protein production in muscle cells.

A

Somatotropin

28
Q

(Type of Proteins) They are fibrous and stringy and because of this formation, they provide support for various body parts.

A

Structural Proteins

29
Q

The examples of Structural Proteins include…?

A

keratin, collagen, and elastin

30
Q

(Structural Proteins) They strengthen protective coverings such as skin, hair, quills, feathers, horns, and beaks.

A

Keratins

31
Q

(Structural Proteins) They provide support for connective tissues such as tendons and ligaments.

A

Collagens and Elastin

32
Q

(Type of Proteins) They store amino acids for the body to use later.

A

Storage Proteins

33
Q

(Storage Proteins) It is an another protein that stores iron in the transport protein, hemoglobin.

A

Ferritin

34
Q

(Type of Proteins) The carrier proteins which move molecules from one place to another around the body.

A

Transport Proteins

35
Q

(Transport Proteins) It is one of these and is responsible for transporting oxygen through the blood via red blood cells.

A

Hemoglobin

35
Q

(Transport Proteins) are another that operate in the electron transport chain as electron carrier proteins.

A

Cytochromes

36
Q

Protein- rich foods

A
  1. Lean white meats
  2. Soy
  3. Beef
  4. Beans
  5. Eggs
  6. Dairy
  7. Seafood
36
Q

They are the basic structural building blocks of protein.

A

Amino acid

37
Q

molecules having one amino group,

one carboxyl group,

one H atom and

one specific group(R group)
attached
to the
central C atom.

A

Amino acid

38
Q

The are 20 ________ ______ _____
used by the ____________ to make
proteins. These 20 have _ ________
at the _-_______.

A

common amino acids; ribosomes; L chirality; α-carbon

39
Q

Classification of amino acid:

A

structure of side chain
polarity of the side chain (R group)
nutritional requirements
metabolic fate

40
Q

Amino acid can be classified into…?

A

based on need and availability in the human body
1. Essential Amino acids
2. Semi – essential Amino acids
(Conditional Amino acids)
3. Non – essential Amino acids

(JJ) BIOCHEMISTRY (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions