PROTEINS Flashcards
molecules which yields amino acids upon hydrolysis
proteins
those which give one amino acid only after hydrolysis
simple proteins
those which give an amino acid and a non-protein group upon hydrolysis
conjugated proteins
those which are derived from simple and conjugated protein
derived protein
globular protein is insoluble in water and dilute salt solution
albumin
globular protein is sparingly soluble in water and neutral solutions; distributed in both plant and animal tissues
globulins
insoluble in water and dilute solutions; found in grains and cereals
glutelins
soluble in water, salt solutions, and dilute acids; combined with nucleic acids within cells
histones
fibrous protein is insoluble in all solvents; sonnective tissues and hard tissues
scleroproteins
present in all chromosomes and in all living forms as a combination of protein with either DNA or RNA
nucleoproteins
proteins combined with amino sugars, sugar acids, and sulfates; saliva and egg white
mucoprotein
found in bones, tendons, and cartilage; less than 4% hexosamine
glycoproteins
phosphoric acid joined in ester linkage to protein; found in milk and egg yolk
phosphoproteins
results from short action of acids or enzymes; edestan and myosin; insoluble in water
proteans
intermediate product of protein digestion; soluble in water
proteases
same properties as proteases except they cannot be salted out
peptones
two or more amino acids joined by a peptide linkage
peptides
amino acids are linked with one another through peptide bonds
primary structure
peptide chains may acquire spiral shape or may be present in a zigzag manner; coiling of peptide chains
secondary structure
coiling of peptide chains is due to
hydrogen bonding
twisting or folding of polypeptide chains
tertiary structure
arrangement of multiple folded protein molecules in a multi-subunit complex
quaternary structure
are the biological catalysts
enzymes
oxygen carrier in blood
hemoglobin
obtained by heating bones, skins, and tendons in water
gelatin
