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Proteins Flashcards

1
Q

Polymer of AA that r linked covalently through peptide bonds

A

Proteins

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2
Q

Proteins are synthesized in the

A

Liver

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3
Q

Proteins are composed of

A

CHONS

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4
Q

Linear sequence of AA

A

Primary structure

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5
Q

Specific regular 3D conformation into which portion of polypeptide chain fold

A

Secondary structure

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6
Q

Actual 3D structure or folding pattern of protein

A

Tertiary structure

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7
Q

The shape or structure that results from the interaction of more than one protein molecule

A

Quaternary structure

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8
Q

Most abundant protein in the body

A

Collagen

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9
Q

This process occurs when secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures of protein are disturbed

A

Denaturation

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10
Q

It catalyzes chemical rxn

A

Enzymes

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11
Q

Chemical messenger

A

Hormones

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12
Q

Examples of enzymes

A

Dehydrogenase
Phosphatase
Transaminase

[DaPaT]

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13
Q

Serves as reserves of metal ions and AA

A

Storage protein

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14
Q

Fxn in the distribution of water throughout thr compartments of the body

A

Osmotic force

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15
Q

Structural classification of protein (SCOP) database

A

Class
Fold
Superfamily
Family

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16
Q

Examples of globular protein

A

Albumin
Hemoglobin

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17
Q

Examples of fibrous protein

A

Troponin
Collagen

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18
Q

What are matalloproteins

A

Metals+ Protein

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19
Q

Most frequently analyzed of all px

A

Plasma protein

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20
Q

Plasma protein is divided into 2 groups

A

Albumin
Globulin

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21
Q

Prealbumin binds with

A

Retinol- binding protein ( vit A)

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22
Q

Most abundant protein in plasma

A

Albumin

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23
Q

T or F:
Albumin is considered negative APR protein

A

True

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24
Q

Albumin binds in the ______ cannot excreted without conjugation in the liver

A

Conjugated bilirubin (b1)

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25
Q

Inhibition of protease neutrophil elastase which is released from leucocytes to fight infxn

A

A1- antitrypsin

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26
Q

A1- antitrypsin causes ______ when it is not controlled

A

Emphysema

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27
Q

Causes a1- antitrypsin deficiency

A

Mutation in the SERPINA1

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28
Q

Major component of a1- globulin fraction

A

A1- antitrypsin

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29
Q

Protects the fetus from immunologic attacks by the mother

A

A1- fetoprotein

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30
Q

Afp binds the hormone…..

A

Estradiol

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31
Q

Serine proteinase inhibitor

A

A1- antichymotrypsin

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32
Q

Play a role in inflammation and carcinogenesis

A

Inter-a- trypsin inhibitors

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33
Q

Major carrier protein of vit D and its metabolites in vivo

A

Gc-globulin

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34
Q

It is to bind free hgb to prevent the loss of hgb and its constituent

A

Haptoglobin

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35
Q

Haptoglobin evaluates degree of

A

Intravascular hemolysis

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36
Q

Copper containing a2- glycoprotein

A

Ceruloplasmin

37
Q

Ceruloplasmin used to diagnose

A

Wilson’s dsx

38
Q

Test used for ceruloplasmin

A

Copper oxidase activity

39
Q

Major component of a2 band

A

A2- macroglobulin

40
Q

A2 macroglobulin inhibit proteases such as

A

Trypsin
Thrombin
Kallikrein
Plasmin

41
Q

The amount of transferrin indicstes the amount of ______ in the body

A

Iron

42
Q

Major component of beta-globulin fraction

A

Transferrin

43
Q

Light chain component of MHC

A

B2- microglobulin

44
Q

Most abundant complement form in serum

A

C3

45
Q

One of the largedt protein in blood Plasma

A

Fibrinogen

46
Q

One of the first APR protein to rise in response to inflammatory disorders

A

C-reactive protein

47
Q

C reactive protein precipitates with

A

C substance

48
Q

Primary oxygen carrier protein in striated and cardiac muscle

A

Myoglobin

49
Q

Gold standard in diagnosis kf acute coronary Syndrome

A

Cardiac troponin

50
Q

Used as a nutritional marker

A

Fibronectin

51
Q

A glycoprotein used to help predict the short term risk of premature delivery

A

Fetal fibronectin

52
Q

Prostaglandin D synthase

A

B trace protein

53
Q

Accurate marker for CSF leakage

A

B trsce protein

54
Q

Proteolytic fragmentss of collagen 1 formed during bone resorption

A

Cross linked C telopeptides

55
Q

Biochemical marker of bone resorption

A

Resorption

56
Q

Cysteine proteinase inhibitor

A

Cystatin C

57
Q

New sensitive endogenous serum marker for thr glomerular filtration rate

A

Cystatin c

58
Q

Helps differentiate a diagnosis of Alzheimer disease from other forms of dementia

A

Amyloid B42 and Tau protein test

59
Q

Reference value of prealbumin

A

0.1 to 0.4

60
Q

Reference value of albumin

A

35-55

61
Q

Reference range of serum total protein in adult

A

6.5 to 8.3 g/dL

62
Q

Digestion of protein

A

Kjeldahl method

63
Q

Kjeldahl method is the measurement of

A

Nitrogen content

64
Q

Formation of violet- colored chelate between Cu2+ ions and peptide bonds

A

Biuret

65
Q

The absorbance of chelate is measured at

A

540 nm

66
Q

It is the routine method of the total protein

A

Biuret

67
Q

Most widely used methods for albumin determination

A

Dye binding

68
Q

Phenylketonuria is caused by

A

Phenylalanine hydroxylazd deficiency

69
Q

Px with PKU have increased levels of

A

Phenyl pyruvic acid

70
Q

PKU has _____ odor of urine

A

Musty

71
Q

Deficiency in the enzyme needed for the synthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin

A

Hyperphenylalaninemia

72
Q

First drug to manage PKU

A

Kuvan

73
Q

Characterized by the excretion of tyrosine and tyrosine catabolites in urine

A

Tyrosinemia

74
Q

Type 1 tyrosinemia

A

Fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase deficiency

75
Q

Type 2 tyrosinemia

A

Tyrosine aminotransferase deficiency

76
Q

Type 3 tyrosinemia

A

4- hydroxyphenylpyruvate deficiency

77
Q

Drug used for tyrosinemia

A

Nitisinone

78
Q

Lack of enzyme homogentisate oxidase

A

Alkaptonuria

79
Q

Px urine with alkaptonuria will turn _____ when it mixes with air

A

Brownish- black

80
Q

Treatment of alkaptonuria

A

High dose of vit C

81
Q

Results from an absence or greatly reduced activity of the enzyme a-ketoacid decarboxylase

A

MSUD

82
Q

3 essential branched-chain of AA

A

Leucine
Isoleucine
Valine

83
Q

Indicative of MSUD using microfluorometric assay

A

> 4 mg/dL

84
Q

Isovaleric acidemia is caused by

A

Isovalerl-CoA dehydrogenase

85
Q

Odor of urine when having isovaleric acidemia

A

Sweaty feet odor

86
Q

Homocystinuria is caused by

A

Cystathione b-synthase

87
Q

Type 1 citrullinemia

A

Argininosuccinic acid synthetase deficiency

88
Q

Argininosuccinic aciduria is caused by

A

Argininosuccinic acid lyase deficiency

89
Q

Caused by defect in the AA transport system

A

Cystinuria

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