Protein Synthesis and Distribution

Question 1

What is transcription

Answer 1

making a copy of the genetic information

Question 2

What is translation

Answer 2

decoding the genetic information and determine the sequence of amino acids within a
protein

Question 3

What is the directional flow of genetic information

Answer 3

Dna, Rna, Protein

Question 4

Transcription in eukaryotes

Answer 4

eukaryotic cell transcription is confined to the nucleus

Question 5

Translation in eukaryotes

Answer 5

eukaryotic translation occurs in the cytoplasm

Question 6

What is RNA polymerase (RNAP) and the steps involved

Answer 6

RNAP is an enzyme that builds RNA chains
1. RNAP binds to the promoter of the gene
2. RNAP moves downstream and builds the RNA transcript 5’ to 3’
3. the new RNA transcript is released & RNAP detaches from the
template strand of the DNA

Question 7

What happens in translation

Answer 7

The base sequence of genes determine the amino acid sequence of proteins

Question 8

What is tRNA

Answer 8

tRNA “read” the genetic code in mRNA and convert it into amino acids

Question 9

What is a mutation

Answer 9

Any change in the DNA sequence, can change

the amino acid sequence of a protein

Question 10

protein sorting in eukaryotic cells

Answer 10

All proteins are synthesized by ribosomes