Prokaryotes; Bacteria and Archea Flashcards
What is a bacterium
It is a prokaryote, lacking a true nuclei.
The DNA is arranged in a circular chromosome
Lack membrane bound organelles
Most are unicellular
How do prokaryotes reproduce?
Asexually, via binary fusion
How do they get nutrition
Absorption- Nutrients must pass through the cell in a soluble form
What is an Autotroph
It is a self feeder, make food for themselves like sugar
They receive there energy through photosynthesis or chemicals
Bacteria cell shapes
Spiral, rods, circular
Can bacteria move?
Yes at least half can move on there own accord away or to a stimuli via the flagellum
What is a heterotroph
Require at least one nutrient (glucose)
Most bacteria are heterotrophs
Decompose organic matter
Parasites gain nutrients from their host
Pathogens cause disease and infection in the host
Mutualistic symbiosis
an example of a mutualistic association between a
prokaryote and a eukaryote
Rhizobium and and the roots of legumes. It can live freely in soil, but also infect the roots of legumes. The plant provides the bacteria with nutrients, and it can promote growth
How does bacteria cause disease
By production of toxins,
Exotoxins are secreted by the bacterium
Endotoxins are present
within the bacterial cell
two examples of industrial or food processing uses of
bacteria
yoghurt and salami
An example of a bacteria
blue green algae
organelles thought to have originated as endosymbiotic bacteria
Mitochondria and the Chloroplast
