Protein Synthesis Flashcards
what is protein synthesis
how are body makes proteins
what is a codon
specific sequence of 3 bases that code for each amino acid
what does the order of the bases on the DNA tell us
tells us the order for combining amino acids to create particular proteins.
how can we change the protein made by a gene
by altering the sequence of bases in that gene
how does the long protein chains in protein synthesis have a unique structure
they fold up
How long is the sequence of bases used to code for an amino acid?
3
1) The process of protein synthesis (creation) happens like this:
A template made from mRNA (a type of RNA) is taken of a gene from the DNA and leaves the nucleus.
The mRNA carries the same sequence of codons (base triplets) as the DNA.
This process is called transcription.
The process of protein synthesis (creation) happens like this:
A template made from mRNA (a type of RNA) is taken of a gene from the DNA and leaves the nucleus.
The mRNA carries the same sequence of codons (base triplets) as the DNA.
This process is called transcription.
2) The process of protein synthesis (creation) happens like this:
The mRNA template moves to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
Here, molecules of tRNA (another type of RNA) form base pairs with the strand of mRNA.
The tRNA molecules carry complementary codons, called anticodons, to the codons of the mRNA.
This process is called Translation BASE PAIRING
2) The process of protein synthesis (creation) happens like this:
The mRNA template moves to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
Here, molecules of tRNA (another type of RNA) form base pairs with the strand of mRNA.
The tRNA molecules carry complementary codons, called anticodons, to the codons of the mRNA.
This process is called Translation BASE PAIRING §
3) The process of protein synthesis (creation) happens like this:
Each tRNA carries a specific amino acid.
As the tRNA molecules attach along the mRNA strand in a specific order during translation, the amino acids that they carry form a chain.
The amino acids form a protein chain that follows the code of the original DNA gene: a new protein is created.
This process is called Translation DELIVERY OF AMINO ACIDS
3) The process of protein synthesis (creation) happens like this:
Each tRNA carries a specific amino acid.
As the tRNA molecules attach along the mRNA strand in a specific order during translation, the amino acids that they carry form a chain.
The amino acids form a protein chain that follows the code of the original DNA gene: a new protein is created.
This process is called Translation DELIVERY OF AMINO ACIDS
what are the two types of RNA used in protein synthesis
1) mRNA
2) tRNA
what does mRNA do
Forms a long chain of codons during transcription that are a template of DNA.
what does tRNA do
Has anticodons that form complementary base pairs during translation. Also delivers amino acids to the protein chain forming in the ribosome.
Which base does RNA not contain?
Thymine
Which type of RNA is required to deliver amino acids during protein synthesis?
tRNA
