Protein synthesis

Question 1

The final phase of translation where the amino acid chain is released from the ribosome

Answer 1

Termination

Question 2

A gene mutation where a nucleotide is removed from a gene

Answer 2

Deletion

Question 3

____ bonds form between the nitrogenous bases in the DNA molecule

Answer 3

Hydrogen

Question 4

Unlike DNA, RNA is ___ stranded molecule

Answer 4

Single

Question 5

The process of creating an mRNA strand from a DNA molecule

Answer 5

Transcription

Question 6

Something that can DNA from one species into the cells of another species

Answer 6

Vector

Question 7

Any factor which cause a mutation is called a

Answer 7

Mutagen

Question 8

A gene mutation where one nucleotide is replaced by a different nucleotide

Answer 8

Substitution

Question 9

DNA and RNA are both types of

Answer 9

Nucleic Acids

Question 10

This type of RNA is used in the ribosome during protein synthesis

Answer 10

rRNA

Question 11

The process of DNA making copies of itself

Answer 11

Replication

Question 12

The first phase of translation where the mRNA and first tRNA join up with the small ribosomal subunit is called

Answer 12

Initiation

Question 13

DNA is found in the ___ of eukaryotic cells

Answer 13

Nucleus

Question 14

Many ribosomes can be translating a single mRBA strand at the same time- this unit is called a

Answer 14

Polysome

Question 15

The enzyme that adds nucleotides to the growing strand during transcription

Answer 15

RNA Polymerase

Question 16

A nitrogenous base with a double ring structure

Answer 16

Purine

Question 17

Proteins that associate with DNA to form chromosomes

Answer 17

Histones

Question 18

The enzyme that “unzips” the DNA strand during replication

Answer 18

Helicase

Question 19

A DNA subunit made up of three components

Answer 19

Nucleotide

Question 20

The three letter sequence on tRNA that is complimentary to an mRNA codon

Answer 20

Anticodon

Question 21

This type of RNA delivers Amino Acids to the ribosomes

Answer 21

tRNA

Question 22

Chromosomal____ occurs when entire portions of chromosomes are removed

Answer 22

Deletions

Question 23

A change to the base-pair sequence of a DNA molecule

Answer 23

Mutation

Question 24

A chromosomal mutation where a piece of chromosome is flipped

Answer 24

Inversion

Question 25

Proteins are made up of chains of ___ strung together

Answer 25

Amino acids

Question 26

This type of RHA brings the instructions from the DNA molecule to the ribosome

Answer 26

mRNA

Question 27

DNA is made up of many repeating subunits and is therefore referred to as being a __

Answer 27

Polymer

Question 28

Replication of the DNA molecule is considered to be a __ process because each daughter strand contains half ‘old DNA’ and half ‘new DNA’

Answer 28

Semi-conservative

Question 29

The reading of an mRNA strand by s ribosome to make a protein is called

Answer 29

Translation

Question 30

UV light and X rays are examples of ___ mutagens

Answer 30

Radiation

Question 31

A ___ mutation affects only one gene

Answer 31

Gene

Question 32

HPV is an example of a ___ mutagen

Answer 32

Viral

Question 33

A gene mutation where a nucleotide is inserted into a gene

Answer 33

Addition

Question 34

A chromosomal mutation where a piece of one chromosome is transferred to another chromosome

Answer 34

Translocation

Question 35

RNA contains one nitrogenous base not found in DNA called___

Answer 35

Urasil

Question 36

Nitrogenous base with a single ring structure

Answer 36

Pyrimidine

Question 37

Completed proteins are sent to the ____ for final processing and packaging

Answer 37

Golgi Apparatus

Question 38

Benzene and dioxins are examples of ___ mutagens

Answer 38

Chemical

Question 39

A chromosomal mutation where a portion of a chromosome repeats itself

Answer 39

Duplication

Question 40

A mutagen that cause cancer is called a

Answer 40

Carcinogen

Question 41

___ mutations occur in the gametes or early on in embryological development

Answer 41

Germinal

Question 42

___ bonds form between adjoins amino acids

Answer 42

Peptide

Question 43

The number of purine bases will always equal to number of pyramiding bases according to ____ rule

Answer 43

Chargaffs

Question 44

___ Base pairing means that only A will pair with T and G will only pair with C

Answer 44

Complimentary

Question 45

The amino acid chain is released from the ribosome when a stop codon signals for a ____ to enter the ribosome

Answer 45

Release factor

Question 46

A small circular piece of DNA that can be used to transfer DNA from one species to another species

Answer 46

Polymer

Question 47

Addition and deletion mutations can c side devastating effects because they cause a ____ where all codons downstream of the mutagen are altered

Answer 47

Frame shift

Question 48

The enzyme that adds new DNA nucleotides to the growing strand during replication

Answer 48

DNA Polymerase

Question 49

The second phase of translation where the amino acid chain grows is called ____

Answer 49

Elongation

Question 50

Strong ___ bonds form between the sugar and phosphate to form a backbone of the molecule

Answer 50

Covalent

Question 51

The three letter sequence on mRBA that codes for an amino acid

Answer 51

Codon

Question 52

___ mutations occur in cells after birth

Answer 52

Somatic

Question 53

During transcription, the ___ strand of the DNA molecule is used to die for the mRBA molecule

Answer 53

Sense