Protein Synthesis Flashcards
What is special about the P site of a ribosome?
- It contains the enzyme that catalyzes formation of a peptide bond.
- It has the binding site for mRNA.
- It holds the tRNA with the next amino acid to be added to the polypeptide chain.
- It causes the ribosome to attach to the endoplasmic reticulum.
- It holds the tRNA with the most recent amino acid that has been added to the polypeptide chain.
- It holds the tRNA with the most recent amino acid that has been added to the polypeptide chain.
RNA polymerase binds to a ________ to initiate the process of ________.
- leader sequence : translation
- triplet : translation
- promoter sequence : transcription
- leader sequence : transcription
- gene : translation
-promoter sequence : transcription
________ are molecules that are composed of one or more phosphate groups, a 5-carbon sugar, and a nitrogenous base.
- Phospholipids
- Glycoproteins
- Lipids
- Nucleotides
- Amino acids
- Nucleotides
A high-energy bond in ATP is present..
- between adenine and phosphate group.
- between adenine and ribose.
- between the first and second phosphate group.
- between the second and third phosphate group.
- both C and D
both B and C
What causes DNA to uncoil during transcription?
- binding of tRNA to the initiator codon
- binding of ubiquitin to the DNA
- binding of helicase to the DNA
- binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter sequence
- binding of DNA polymerase to the leader sequence
Binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter sequence
Many proteins in the cytosol are ________ that accelerate metabolic reactions.
- lipids
- enzymes
- carbohydrates
- ions
- messengers
enzymes
Each amino acid differs from others in the ________.
- number of carboxyl groups
- number of peptide bonds in the molecule
- size of the amino group
- number of central carbon atoms
- characteristic of the R group
characteristic of the R group
Where does RNA polymerase bind to initiate transcription?
- promoter sequence
- hormone response element
- P subunit of the ribosome
- initiation factor
- leader sequence
promoter sequence
Which of the following is the symbol for an amino group? –COOH –OH –PO3 –AMO –NH2
–NH2
The triplet codes needed to specify a specific polypeptide chain are found in the..
- polypeptide itself.
- cytoplasm.
- codon.
- anticodon.
- gene.
gene
The ________ structure of a protein is created by hydrogen bonds between the hydrogen atom on the amine group and the oxygen atom on the carboxyl group.
- secondary
- tertiary
- quintary
- quaternary
- primary
secondary
Ionic bonds are formed when..
- a pair of electrons is shared unequally by two atoms.
atoms share electrons.
- electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another.
- hydrogen forms bonds with negatively charged atoms.
- two or more atoms lose electrons at the same time.
electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another
Which of the following statements about the genetic code is FALSE?
- There are 3 termination codons that do not code for amino acids.
- mRNA is read 3 bases at a time, which are called codons.
- There is one initiator codon that codes for an amino acid.
- Each codon is specific for only one amino acid.
- Each amino acid is coded for by only one codon.
-Each amino acid is coded for by only one codon.
Which of the following is NOT a function of nucleotides?
- Nucleotides store the genetic code.
- Nucleotides provide most of the energy for cellular processes.
- Nucleotides provide substrates for the citric acid cycle.
- Nucleotides are necessary for expression of the genetic code.
- Nucleotides provide electrons to the electron transport chain.
Nucleotides provide substrates for the citric acid cycle.
The anticodon for the triplet UCA is..
- AGT.
- AGC.
- AGU.
- TGT.
- TCA.
AGU
