Protein Synthesis Flashcards
Function of a Gene
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Definition of a Gene
Coded DNA instructions that control the production of proteins within the cell.
Transcription
Process where RNA molecules are produced by copying part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA into complementary sequence in RNA.
mRNA
Messenger RNA messengers from DNA to rest of the cell.
Translation
When the cell uses information from messenger RNA to produce proteins
Codons
Consists of three consecutive nucleotides that specify a single amino acid that is to be added to the polypeptide.
tRNA
Transfer RNA brings the proper amino acid into the ribosome
Anti codons
3 unpaired bases in in tRNA and are complementary to one mRNA
Amino acid chains = protein
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Mutations
Changes to genetic material