Protein Synthesis

Question 1

What are the 2 parts of protein synthesis?

Answer 1

Transcription and translation

Question 2

What does transcription do?

Answer 2

Copies DNA into mRNA

Question 3

What does translation do?

Answer 3

Translation informs mRNA of what to do in order to build proteins

Question 4

What are the 3 different types of RNA

Answer 4

mRNA, rRNA, tRNA

Question 5

How many chromosomes do humans have?

Answer 5

46

Question 6

What is another word for protein synthesis?

Answer 6

Gene expression

Question 7

How many amino acids are there ç

Answer 7

20

Question 8

An a a is made up of how many bases

Answer 8

3, codon

Question 9

After the DNA is transcribed where does the mRNA move to

Answer 9

The cytoplasm to attach onto the ribosomes

Question 10

What is the purpose of ribosomes?

Answer 10

Making proteins translate the sequence of nucleotide bases into amino acids

Question 11

Where can a, a be found and how does it get there

Answer 11

Found all over cytoplasm through the food we eat

Question 12

What does t RNA attach to?

Answer 12

Amino acids

Question 13

Describe process between t RNA and mRNA with the a, a

Answer 13

mRNA is feed through the ribosome while the codons like up with the anti-codons of t RNA once they match up the amino acid is released while the t RNA leaves. The remaining a, a form a polypeptide chain

Question 14

What is the bond of amino acids called

Answer 14

Polypeptide chain with peptide bond

Question 15

How many a, a are add to the a, a chain every second

Answer 15

15

Question 16

How many t RNA are in ribosomes at one time?

Answer 16

2t RNA

Question 17

How does translation start?

Answer 17

With Aug or methionine start codon

Question 18

How does translation end?

Answer 18

With a stop codon

Question 19

What happens once ribosome reaches an end codon?

Answer 19

It releases the polypeptide chain to form a protein

Question 20

Describe the process of protein synthesis

Answer 20

1. DNA transcription to make mRNA.
2. Relocation of mRNA
3. Ribosome
4. T RNA finds a, a based on anti-codons
5. Attach to form polypeptide chain with peptide bond
6. T RNA releases, stop codon

Question 21

Function: mRNA

Answer 21

Translate messages (genetic material) from DNA to ribosome to make proteins

Question 22

Function: tRNA

Answer 22

Build polypeptide chains by transferring aa

Question 23

Function: rRNA

Answer 23

Makes up the ribosome binds mRNA to tRNA

Question 24

Define: template strand

Answer 24

Strand of DNA which RNA polymerase move along it is the template strand that makes RNA