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Dna > Mitosis > Flashcards

Mitosis Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Purpose of cell division

A
  1. Reproduction
  2. Growth
  3. Repair
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2
Q

What does mitosis result in?

A

2 identical daughtercells

  • genetic information
  • DNA
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3
Q

How many phases of the cell cycle are there?

A

4 phases

  • g1 phase
  • s-phase
  • g2 phase
  • m-phase
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4
Q

Definition: genome

A

Complete set of DNA in chromosomes

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5
Q

Define: somatic cells

How many chromosomes are present?

A 
Body cells
46 chromosomes (one from each parent)
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6
Q

What happens in interphase?

A
  • prepares fordivision
  • growth
  • copy DNA chromosomes
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7
Q

Describe/whathappens in prophase?

A

Centrioles with asters form spindles
Nuclear membrane breaks down
Chromosomes shorten and thicken

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8
Q

Prometaphase

A

Kintochore microtuble attach to kintochore

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9
Q

Metaphase

A

Centrosome(centrioles) on opposite ends

Equator

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10
Q

Anaphase

A

Sisterchromatid separate and move as kintachore microtubles pull
Nonkinetochones elongated cell

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11
Q

Telophase

A

Nucleoli reappear

Single strand chromosome

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12
Q

Cytokinesis

A

Splitting of cytoplasm

Clevage furrow forms

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13
Q

Define: cell-cycle

A

Cell’s life cycle and the different phases

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14
Q

How many chromosomes in human stomatic cell?

A

46 chromosomes

2 sets of 23

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15
Q

Define: gametes

A

Sex cells sperm and egg

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16
Q

How many chromosomes in human gamete?

A

23 chromosomes

17
Q

How many DNA molecules in somatic cell?

A

46 DNA molecules

18
Q

What regulates cell cycle?

A

Protein kinases and cyclins

19
Q

Define: Protein kinases

A

Enzymes that activate and inactive proteins

20
Q

Define: cyclin

A

Protein that controls the progression through the cell cycle

21
Q

Function: MPF

A

Cyclin-cdk complex that triggers cell past G2 check point

22
Q

Define growth factor

A

External signals that stimulate cells to divide

23
Q

How do growth factors effect density- dependent inhibition?

A

Tells crowded cells to stop diverting

24
Q

Define: anchorage dependence

A

Increase in proliferation by attaching to substratum

Dna (7 decks)

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