Protein structure pt. 1

Question 1

what is a peptide?

Answer 1

polymers made up of amino acid molecules (the monomers)

Question 2

What are proteins?

Answer 2

Proteins consist of one or more polypeptides arranged as complex macromolecules and they have specific biological functions. Consist of the elements carbon, H, O and N

Question 3

Describe the structure of amino acids

Answer 3

All amino acids have the same basic structure, an amine group joined to a carbon, and a carboxyl group joined to the same carbon.

The R-groups result in different amino acids.

Question 4

How are peptides synthesised?

Answer 4

Does not involve the R group at this stage

A condensation reaction occurs between the carboxyl group and the amine group of 2 amino acids.

Water is released

Question 5

What enzyme catalyses this reaction?

Answer 5

Peptidyl transferase

these are present in the ribosomes

Question 6

What are R-group interaction? What is the effect of them on the polypeptide chain?

Answer 6

where the R-groups making up the protein interact with each other, forming different types of bonds.

These bonds lead to the long chain of amino acids folding into complex structure (proteins).

Leads to the formation of differnt structures.

Question 7

How can amino acids be separated?

Answer 7

Thin layer chromotography

rate at which they move in the solvent depends on the interaction (hydrogen bonds) they have with the silica gel applied to a rigid surface.