Protein Structure Flashcards
Made up of amino acids that are linked through dehydration synthesis and the formation of peptide bonds
Protein structures
……. groups determine the nature of the AA (…….- R is hydrogen ‘smallest’)
R, glycine
…… AAs exist but only 20 are used in proteins
300
AA are classified as ……..r or………
hydrophilic polar, hydrophobic nonpolar
An amino acid is composed of a ……. linked to a ……., …… group, …. group, and … variable group
central alpha carbon , hydrogen, carboxyl group, amino group, and R variable group
neutral
Nonpolar
neutral at normal pH (has
hydroxyl in R group)
Polar
R is proton donor negative
charged
Acidic
R is proton acceptor. Positively charged
Basic
Alanine, glycine, leucine,
isoleucine, methionine,
phenylalanine, proline,
tryptophan, and valine
non polar
Serine, threonine,
asparagine, glutamine,
tyrosine, and cysteine
polar
Aspartic acid/ aspartate
Glutamic acid/ glutamate
acidic
Arginine, lysine, and
histidine
Basic
linear sequence of polypeptides that is read from n-terminus to c-terminus
Primary:
insulin has ….. linear chains: A and B
2 (primary)
has alpha helices and beta pleated sheets linked by hydrogen bonds (foldings)
Secondary:
secondary DOES NOT INVOLVE ….. GROUPS (ONLY THE BACKBONE AA ARE ……).
R, folded
(3D form) Interactions of R groups through hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, dipole interactions,
and London dispersion forces make this structure.
Tertiary:
some proteins or enzymes are composed of more than one polypeptide chain. Subunits which
are the polypeptide chains bond together through hydrogen bonds to form the ……..re.
Quaternary:
Hemoglobin
Quaternary:
Enzymatic reactions
protein
proteins are hormonal such as
insulin
Proteins are structural such as
collagen
proteins, Defense and i…….. system.
immune
Proteins, Transport such as …….
hemoglobin
