nucleic acids Flashcards
Stores genetic information
nucleic acids
nucleic acids are polymers of
nucleotides
1- Pentose 2- phosphate
3- nitrogenous base:
nucleotides
Purines
purines: adenine & guanine
pyrimidines:
cytosine, thymine, and uracil
(Uracil is only found in
RNA
six membered rings
Pyrimidines:
2 cycles
Purines:
Nucleosides:
nitrogenous base + pentose
Pentose is linked to the base by ……… while phosphate link to the base by …….. bonds
glycosidic bonds, phosphodiester
Pentose in RNA is
ribose
dna sugar
in DNA is deoxyribose
Dna structure
Double stranded antiparallel helix
The …….. bonds are the backbone of DNA (on the outside region because they are ……)
sugar-phosphate, hydrophilic
Carbon number …… of ribose sugar is called one prime. Carbon number two is called two prime, carbon
number three is called three prime and so on.
1,
…….prime end which is the end with the phosphates group and the …… prime end which is the end where
the hydroxyl group.
five, 3
Read 5’ to 3’, true air false
true
the antiparallel structure is because of …….bonds that form between bases. A with T and C with G
hydrogen ,
Cytosine and guanine form … bonds while A and T form …… bonds
3, double
Due to base pairing, the DNA strands are …….. to each other
complementary
rna is ….,. stranded
single
Rna is read
5 to 3
types of rna
Types: mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA
rna has Has ……. instead of thymine
uracil
rna is …… than DNA and has ribose
smaller
(DNA to RNA to protein):
Central Dogma
Genetic information is copied in the…. phase of cell cycles in the form of DNA (……)
S, replication
DNA to .RNA
transcription
…… has codons that are translated to ….. thus ……. Here the gene is said to be expressed (……
mRNA, AA, protein, translation
