Protein (Part 1)

Question 1

In the functional categories of protein, enzymes act as what?

Answer 1

Catalysts

(Amylase, LCAT, Peptides, etc…)

Question 2

In the functional categories of protein, what are some examples of control functions of proteins?

Answer 2

Insulin, PTH, GH

Question 3

Structural Proteins make up contractile and connective tissues such as?

Answer 3

Actin
Mysoin
Collagen

Question 4

What are some examples of transport proteins found in blood?

Answer 4

Albumin, Hemoglobin, Transferrin, etc…

Question 5

What are some examples of Immunoporteins that bind to antigens?

Answer 5

IgA
IgG
IgM
IgD
IgE

Question 6

Proteins are also responsible for buffering what?

Answer 6

Fluid Balance
Cell Adhesion
Receptors
Signalling
Molecule Storage

Question 7

Protein structure can be defined as?

Answer 7

Polypeptide backbone with side chains

Question 8

Varying side chains determine what with regard to proteins?

Answer 8

Individual Characteristics

Question 9

What is a secondary component of protein structure?

Answer 9

Extra (Hydrogen) Bonding between amino acids in a protein

Question 10

One form of extra bonding in a protein structure that has “coiling” structure at ever ____ amino acid is what?

Answer 10

A-Helix @ Every 4th AA

Question 11

B-Pleated sheets of bonding between amino acids can be characterized how?

Answer 11

Protein folded back on itself

Question 12

How does random coiling occur in protein structures occur?

Answer 12

Side chain interference due to size or charge

Question 13

Tertiary protein structures focus on?

Answer 13

Random Binding

Question 14

Shape & Function of protein structures are determined by?

Answer 14

Interactions of AA from a long distance produces binding & looping (shape & function)

Question 15

Clustering of hydrophobic amino acids or an electrostatic attraction is known as what with regard to protein structures?

Answer 15

Disulfide Bridges

Question 16

Quaternary protein structures usually contain ____ or more polypeptide units?

Answer 16

2 or more

(hemoglobin)

Question 17

How many different types of amino acid classifications are there?

Answer 17

20

Question 18

What is the moniker for memorizing all of the essential amino acids?

Answer 18

PVT MT HILL

Question 19

What are the 9 essential amino acids?

Answer 19

Phenylalanine
Valine
Threonine

Methionine
Tryptophan

Histidine
Isoleucine
Leucine
Lysine

Question 20

What are the 4 classifications of amino acids by function?

Answer 20

Indispensable
Dispensable
Conditionally
Limiting

Question 21

Why are Indispensable amino acids considered essential?

Answer 21

Because the body can’t synthesize them, therefore they must come from diet.

Question 22

Why are Dispensable amino acids considered non-essential?

Answer 22

Because the body can synthesize them.

Question 23

Why are Limiting amino acids labeled “limiting”?

Answer 23

EAA with the lowest chemical score

Question 24

Which amino acids are considered Conditionally Indispensable?

Answer 24

Tyrosine
Cysteine
Proline
Arginine
Glutamine

Question 25

What is the formula for chemical score?

Answer 25

mg of EAA/g (test protein)

[divided by]

mg of EAA/g of egg protein

Question 26

Protein quality measures chemical score is a way to do what?

Answer 26

determine protein quality & the lowest % of an EAA in a protein

Question 27

What is the formula for biological value in protein quality measures?

Answer 27

Question 28

What is a good value for biological value?

Answer 28

60% or above

Question 29

What is the formula for net protein utilization?

Answer 29

Question 30

What is a good value for net protein utilization?

Answer 30

2.7 or above

Question 31

What is the formula for protein efficiency ratio (PER)?

Answer 31

Question 32

What is a good value for protein efficiency ratio?

Answer 32

2.2 or above

Question 33

How do you know how much Nitrogen is in food without chemically analyzing it?

Answer 33

Protein content is measured for nitrogen