protein mod 2 opposite

Question 1

become signalling molecules

Answer 1

what can happen to theses head groups if phosphorylated

Question 2

of anionic phospholipids eg PS

Answer 2

the internal monolayer of the plasma membrane is -ve because

Question 3

it is composed of zwitterionic phospholipids

PC, PE and sphingomyelin

Answer 3

external monolayer is normally neutral because

Question 4

primary event in apoptosis is PS exposure - facilitates blood clotting
anionic surface

Answer 4

why is phospholipid asymmetry important

Question 5

they have anionic membranes
different from ours
we produced selective cationic antibacterial proteins taht affects them and not us

Answer 5

why is phospholipid asymmetry important

bacteria

Question 6

PLA1
PLA2- will relase arachidonic acid
PLC releases DAG and IP3
PLD releases phosphatidic acid

Answer 6

types of phospholipases

Question 7

cytosolic PLA2

Answer 7

key enzymes when discussing inflammation is

Question 8

arachidonic acid at 
position 2 (sn-2)

Answer 8

cytosolic PLA2 is specific for

Question 9

cytosolic enzyme but translocates to membranes in the presence of (micro)M ca2+

Answer 9

CPLA2 is a

Question 10

N terminal C2 domain
ca2+ dependent phospholipid binding domain
c terminal domain containing the active site

Answer 10

cPLA2 has 2 domains which are

Question 11

MAP kinase

which phosphorylates at ser - 505

Answer 11

the cPLA2 enzyme is also a substrate for

activates the enzyme in vitro

Question 12

pro-inflammatory cytokines
eg interleukin 1
tumour necrosis factor and mitogens

Answer 12

the cPLA2 enzyme in cell culture is activated by

Question 13

A23187 - ca ionophore

which increases cells [ca]

Answer 13

MAP kinase is also stimulated by

Question 14

it goes into the membrane allowing the active site to open

Answer 14

ser-505 needs to be phosphorylated because

Question 15

the C2 domain

Answer 15

the entire activity of the Ca2+ binding is in

Question 16

it causes confomational change in the 3 Ca2+ binding loops

they become more hydrophobic

Answer 16

effect of binding Ca2+ to C2 domain is

Question 17

penetrate the bilayer providing a stable membrane protein interaction
prefer to bind to neutral membranes

Answer 17

2 of the loops that are now hydrphobic can

Question 18

serine mutated to alanine

confirmed translocation with A23187 but failed to comoplete stimulation of arachidonic acid release

Answer 18

is phosphorylation important for activity

normal gene + s505A mutant

Question 19

produces correct alignment of 2 domains on the membrane surface to produce maximal activity

Answer 19

what is believed that phosphorylation does

Question 20

increased [ca]
fixed cells and treat with rabbit ab to cPLA2
with fluorescent goat ab for rabbit igG

Answer 20

site of cPLA2 translocation
treated cells with A23187 translocate due to
and how do we know

Question 21

to the perinuclear membrane
no translocation in control as they were not made Ca2+ permeable
COX is found in the same location within the cell
cox is the next enzyme in the formation of prostaglandin

Answer 21

where is it translocated

Question 22

PC rich membranes - neutral - perinuclear membrane
plasma membrane is rich in PS
PKC also has a C2 domain but when ca binds it targets anionic PL found in the plasma membrane

Answer 22

c2 domains target specific membranes which are

Question 23

A site specific docking or adaptor protein is required

enzyme colocalizes with COX-2

Answer 23

how is specific translocation achieved