Protein Basics

Question 1

What are polymers made from

Answer 1

Amino acids

Question 2

What are also proteins

Answer 2

Hormones and antibodies

Question 3

Structure of amino acids

And what varies amino acids from each other

Answer 3

Amine group ——side chain—-carboxyl group

Side chain varies amino acids from each other

Question 4

Protein synthesis process

Answer 4

1) TRANSCRIPTION(enzyme unzips DNA and the strand of unzipped DNA is ready to be made into a protein)
2) DNA still can’t get out nucleus, but ribosomes are outside the nucleus so it has to use MESSENGER RNA and this strand travels outside nucleus into cytoplasm
3) TRANSLATION - ribosome has 2 units that clamp onto the MRNA, starts matching up the TRNA molecules to the MRNA.
4) TRNA drop off amino acids these determine its shape and therefore function (TRNA codons)

Question 5

What is TRNA

Answer 5

It’s whole purpose is to carry/ transfer amino acids

Question 6

What bonds

Answer 6

Peptide bonds

Question 7

Kcal/g for protein

Answer 7

4

Question 8

Lots of amino acids make

Answer 8

Polypeptides

Question 9

Proteins help do what

Answer 9

Proteins help restore muscle fibres

Question 10

Anabolic

Catabolic

Answer 10

Anabolic build things up

Catabolic break things down

Question 11

Protein folding defects cause

Answer 11

Parkinson’s

Question 12

Glyconeogenesis

Answer 12

Making new glucose from proteins