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Nutrition & Diet Therapy > Protein > Flashcards

Protein Flashcards

1
Q

GREEK word proteios meaning

A

First or Primary

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2
Q

Fundamental structure unit/elements of every cell of the body

Essential for normal growth and development and maintenance of health

Only nutrient group that has nitrogen (16%)

Composed of chemical compounds called amino acids

A

Protein

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3
Q

Chemical compounds which make up proteins

Building block of all proteins

EX:
Collagen in the connective tissues

A

Amino Acids

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4
Q

Amino acids not manufactured by the body and obtained only from the food we eat

A

Essential

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5
Q

Can maintain life processes for adults but not enough for normal growth in children

EX: Arginine

A

Semi essential

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5
Q

amino acids which are synthesized by the body so they are not essential in the diet

A

Non essential

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6
Q

1gm / kg desirable body weight for normal adult

A

RENI standard

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6
Q

Body size
Growth
Aging
Pregnancy
State of health
Physical activity
Adequacy of calories
Quality of protein

A

Factors affecting protein requirement

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7
Q

Adding micronutrients to foods to ensure that minimum dietary requirements are met

A

Fortification

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8
Q

Body building and repair tissue

Essential for growth

Provides energy

Regulator of body processes

A

Funtions of protein

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9
Q

total calories consumed in a day for protein

A

10-15%

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9
Q

A preparation intended t provide nutrients that may be missing or may not be consumed in sufficient quantity in a persons diet

A

Supplementation

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10
Q

Vitamins or minerals have been added to the food

A

Enrichment

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11
Q

Any protein that is incomplete on it’s own but may become complete when combined with other proteins to provide all of the amino acids necessary for normal metabolism

A

Complementation

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12
Q

Pancreatic enzymes (trypsin, chymotrypsin and carboxypeptidase) are responsible for breaking down

A

Proteins into simpler substances

Tripeptide
Dipeptides
Amino Acids

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13
Q

Enzymes located on the surface of the intestinal walls complete the digestive process

A

Aminopeptidase and Dipetidase

14
Q

Release amino acids into the bloodstream for transport to the liver

A

Intestinal cells

15
Q

Takes place in the mucosa of the small intestine through active transport

A

Absorption

16
Q

Regulates the release of amino acids into the bloodstream and removes excess amino acids from the circulation

A

Liver

17
Q

Occurs when the body takes in more nitrogen than it excretes = tissue building

EX: Infancy, pregnancy and lactation

A

Positive nitrogen balance

17
Q
  1. Proteins are broken down by the body into amino acids
  2. Amino acids are resynthesized into tissues as needed

Continuous conversion needed to maintain overall protein balance within the body

A
  1. catabolism
  2. anabolism
18
Q

Index of the amount of CHON utilized by the body and how well body tissues are being maintained

*Nitrogen intake from CHON must be euqal to the nitrogen output in urine and feces

A

Nitrogen Balance

19
Q

Occurs when the body takes in less nitrogen than it excretes = more tissue are broken down that built

EX: Malnutrition, emotional stress, illness

A

Negative Nitrogen balance

20
Q

Results from severe malnutrition

Afflicts young children and adults who lack both energy and protein foods as well as vitamins and minerals

appears emaciated but does not have edema, hair is dull and dry and the skin is think and wrinkled

A

Protein energy malnutrition ( Marasmus)

21
Q

Develops when there is an inadequate supply or intake of protein

EX: In case of famine, proverty and inadequate food supply

Manifestation: Fat in the liver, edema, painful skin lesions and pigmentation in skin and hair

A

Protein Deficiency

22
Q

May contribute to heart disease, colon cancer and osteoporosis due to Ca depletion

Put more demands on the liver, (converts nitrogen to urea)

A

Protein excess

23
Q

Growth retardation

Increased susceptibility to infection

Loss of muscle tissue leading to impatient of body function

A

Effects of imbalance

24
Q

Animals
Fish
Plants
Eggs
Cheese
whole milk

A

Sources of protein

Nutrition & Diet Therapy (8 decks)

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