Energy Metabolism Flashcards
The capacity to do work.
• Chemical energy locked in foodstuffs
Energy
metabolism
the chemical process of transforming foods into complex tissue elements and of transforming complex body substances into simple ones.
The total chemical and biological processes that takes place in the body.
Metabolism
Metabolism:
All types of changes that occur in food nutrients after they have been absorbed from ___ and to the ___________ involved in utilizing these nutrients.
Git
Cellular activity
From Latin word calor-heat
• the standard unit in measuring heat.
• by-products when carbohydrates, protein and fats are oxidized in the body
• amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water to 1°C
Calorie
From Chilioi (french)-thousand & Calor (latin)-heat meaning large calorie
• Measure of energy in the metabolism of food
Kilo calorie
ATWATER or Physiologic Fuel (Calorie) Values of Food
4 cal/ gm of CHO =
9 cal/ gm of Fat =
4 cal/ gm of CHON =
1.) 17 J
2.) 38 J
3.) 17 J
1 calorie =…
4.184 joules
Example:
A slice of cake which contains 3 gm CHON, 1 gm fat and 15gm CHO will provide the following Kcal:
3gm CHON x 4 cal
1gm fat x 9 cal = 15gm
CHO x 4 cal= 60 cal
Total : 81 cal
To get the percentage of Kcal from the nutrient
12 cal from CHON/ 81 cal =
9 cal from fat/81 cal =
60 cal from CHO/ 81 cal =
14.8%
11.1%
74%
the energy expended by an individual in 24 hours
Total energy expenditure (tee)
Tee:
REE or basal metabolism =
Largest portion (60% to 65%)
Tee:
Thermic effect of food (TEF) =
Smallest component (10%)
Tee:
physical activity (PA) =
Most variable component
monitors the amount of heat produced by a person placed inside a structure called whole-room calorimeters.
DIRECT CALORIMETRY
