protein Flashcards
Define amino acids
The smallest units of a protein
Define essential amino acids
Amino acids that cannot be made by the body, so have to be provided through the food we eat
Define food combining
Mixing different low biological value proteins to supply all the essential amino acids
Define HBV proteins
Proteins that contain all the essential amino acids
Define LBV proteins
Proteins that do not contain all the essential amino acids
List 4 examples of HBV proteins
- meat
- fish
- poultry
- dairy
- soya
- tofu
- quorn
List 4 examples of LBV proteins
- cereals
- peas
- beans
- pulses
- nuts
- seeds
List 3 examples of vegetarian meals that combine LBV proteins
- beans on toast
- dhal and rice
- hummus and pitta bread
State 3 functions of protein in the diet
- used for growth, especially in children and pregnant women
- used to repair body tissue after illness, accidents and surgery; renewal of cell proteins for people of all ages
- enzymes vital for metabolism are composed of proteins
- hormones, which regulate some important bodily functions, are also composed of protein
- proteins provide a secondary source of energy. When the body has used all the amino acids it needs for construction, the remainder are burnt for energy
State 3 health problems of protein deficiency
- in children, growth slows down or stops
- digestive upsets are caused as enzymes are not produced
- the liver fails to functional normally
- muscles become weak, so limbs are thin and the tummy is soft and may look distended
List 4 examples of animal sources of protein
- all meat (including poultry, offal and game)
- fish
- cheese
- milk
- eggs
- gelatine
List 4 examples of vegetable sources of protein
- soya beans and soya products
- pulses and beans
- cereal grains and cereal products
- nuts
- quorn