Protected Characteristics Flashcards
what does the equality act 2010 do
protects individuals from unfair treatment and promotes a fair and more equal society
what are the 9 protected characteristics
age disability gender reassignment marriage/civil partnership pregnancy and maternity race and ethnicity religion and belief sex sexual orientation
what are the relevant gdc standard for principle 1
treat every patient with dignity and respect at all times
take a holistic and preventative approach to patient care which is appropriate to the individual patient
treat patients fairly, as individuals and without discrimination
find out about laws and regulations that affect your work and follow them
what is the exact standard that relates to characteristics
1.6.1
what does the gdc standard also state
make adjustments for those with disability and if you can’t then refer
do not express personal beliefs
how does age impact oral health
risk of oral health conditions change with time
what are risks for children
younger children dependent on parents caregivers
risk changes as children get more independent
what is the oral health like for young adults
mostly good
periodontal health is good
what is the oral health like for adults 45 +
increased caries experience
maintenance of previous restorations
increased level of periodontal disease
what is the oral health like for older people
less coronal caries but more root caries
falling edentulous rates
more common PD disease
high risk for oral cancer
what are treatment complexities with older people
previous restorative work medical conditions frailty cognitive decline dependence
when can you target interventions for people with a protected characteristic
if they are currently missing out on services
can show they have a different level fo need
track record of disadvantage
low participation of this group
why do we target children
high caries rate
high dental GA rate
why do we target older adults
dental attendance declines with age
need for help w oral hygeine
medical consequences of poor oral health
what is disability
not a single group
can be physical/cognitive/sensory/combination
may be hidden
varying severities
what is the oral health of disabled like
poorer oral hygeine
poorer gingival health
fever filled teeth but more missing ones
what are issues of disability in dental care
access to care dental anxiety with learning disability communication treatment/management complexities medical comorbidities capacity to consent
what in the difference in equity and equality
same rights to oral health but not necessarily the same service
equity is about getting everyone to same outcome
what does the equality act require you to do in terms of disability
make reasonable adjustments
requirement is anticipatory meaning it should be planned in advance
what are the reasonable adjustments expected for disability
physical access - ramp, hoist etc
communication - written info, large print, images, hearing loop
enabling treatment - time, explanation, appointment time etc
what does reasonable adjustments depend on
size and nature of business
physical features of premisies
cost of making adjustments
what happens if barriers that should have been identified and reasonable adjustments made have not been met
required to pay compensation and make adjustments if challenged
what is required by NHS practice inspection
essetnial to have details of disabled access/facilities in practice information leaflet
practise information leaflet available in large print
disability policy
what is an access survey
looks at features that make the practice accessible and what can be improved
access panels can provide info/advice/visit practice
what are access panels
local groups of disabled people
how does gender effect oral health
women more likely to attend
more likely to have good oral health
men more likely to have pulp ally involves lesions and more natural teeth
how does pregnancy effect oral health
gingivitis
tend to receive less dental treatment at this time
why do we give pregnant women free dental treatment
encourage attendence
early input into oral health of child
what does race include
ethnicity
nationality
colour
national origins
which race is least likely to have decay
african
which children are most likely to see decay
gyspy traveller
what is the variation in decay in asian
bangledeshi = most indian = least
what are the cultural practices that can lead to oral cancer
chewing tobacco/paan/betel
what are medical conditions linked to race that can effect oral health
increased diabetes among afro-carribeans
thalassemia/sickle cell disease
why may those of race not access dental care
language barrier
attitudes to dental care may differ
how can we accommodate those of other races
information available in other languages
translation services - professional/family member
consider how cultural factors may affect oral health
what is intersectionality
interconnected nature of social categorization such as race, class and gender as they apply to a given individual or group, regarded as creating overlapping and interdependent systems of discrimination or disadvantage
why are socioeconomic factors important
strong links w dental health
also linked with many protected characteristics
what are the specific groups that are vulnerable
homeless prisoners gypsy travellers addictions immigrants asylum seekrs mental health
what are the priority groups
frail older people
people with special care needs
those who are homeless
