Prosecco Flashcards
What grape varietal is mainly used for Prosecco
Glera
What method is used mainly for Prosecco wines?
tank method
Where in Italy is Prosecco made?
North eastern Italy
General SAT for Prosecco
light to med - intensity apple and pear (peach
light body
med to med + acidity
low to med alcohol
sweetness ranges from Brut to Demi-Sec Extra dry most common)
spumante and frizzante
acceptable to good quality
DOC - mid priced with some inexpensive
DOCG - mid priced few at premium
What was Glera, the principal grape for Prosecco formally known as?
Prosecco
Why was the name of the grape changed from Prosecco to Glera?
so that Prosecco could be used to designate defined areas that were entitled to use the name and prevent other regions or countries from exploiting the success of the name
What three PDOs have been formed since Glera was no longer Prosecco?
Prosecco DOC
Conegliano Valdobbiandene - Prosecco DOCG
Asolo Prosecco DOCG
What was Prosecco DOC called prior to that?
IGT
How many provinces did IGT cover before becoming Prosecco DOC?
9 in the regions of Veneto and Friuli
What does the Prosecco DOC cover today?
from Trieste to Vicenza
how many ha are in the Prosecco DOC?
24,000
Where are the grapes overwhelmingly grown for Prosecco?
on the plains even though there are a lot of mountains and hills
What two areas can be added to the Prosecco DOC if the grapes have been grown and wine made within them?
Treviso and Trieste
What area was promoted from Prosecco DOC to Prosecco DOCG?
the hilly historic area between the towns of Conegliano and Valdobbiadene (8,100 ha)
what is the altitude of the vineyards in Prosecco DOCG?
200-320 m
What is the true name of Prosecco DOCG?
Congeliano Valdobbiadene - producers must use either or both of the towns names
What can be added and/or subtracted from the label in the Prosecco DOCG spumante category?
the term Superiore can be added
Prosecco can be omitted
How many ha does Asolo Prosecco DOCG have
over 2000
Where is Asolo Prosecco DOCG?
in a hilly area just south of Valdobbiadene
What can be added to the label in the AsoloProsecco DOCG spumante category?
Superiore
What are the vols by percentage of each of the three Prosecco denominations
Prosecco DOC = 82%
Prosecco DOCG = 15%
Asolo Prosecco DOCG = 3%
What is the climate of Prosecco DOC
warm and moderately continental with moderate rainfall
what is the flat plain of Prosecco DOC affected by?
moist air and fog from the rivers of the region which increase the number of sprays needed to combat disease
What are the benefits of the hillier areas of Prosecco DOCG?
cooling influences coming from altitude and higher diurnal temp ranges which makes for longer slower ripening leading to higher acidity and more intense fruit flavors
Describe soils in the Prosecco region overall
they vary considerably but in general are more fertile on the plain which contributes to higher yields and lighter intensity wines
Describe Glera as a Varietal?
vigorous, semi-aromatic, capable of very high yields
What is Glera susceptible to?
millerandage, powdery and downy mildew, drought in the summer, and grapevine yellows
How is Glera trained?
trained long, typically on vertically trellised systems with 8-12 buds (first 2 buds don’t bear much fruit)
what density is Glera planted?
low to medium planting density (3000 plants /ha) are normal due to the vigor
What are permitted yields for Glera?
high
What varieties are permitted in Prosecco?
normally 100% Glera, however up to 15% other local varieties or certain international varieties are also permitted
What are the common options for Glera training systems?
Sylvoz, Double arched cane, and single or double Guyot
Describe the Sylvoz system
high cordon system with shoots that hang downwards
What is the Sylvoz system well suited for
high vigor sites such as on the fertile flatter land of Prosecco DOC and where the aim is for high yields (sometimes in DOCG)
What are the advantages of Sylvoz system
inexpensive to create, minimizes winter pruning, and is suitable for machine harvesting - reducing cost
height of cordon provides some protection from frost
What are the disadvantages of Sylvoz system
may encourage overcropping, requires careful monitoring, and trimming of the canopy to avoid excessive shading and it is difficult to distribute the clusters evenly
Describe Double arched cane system?
form of replacement cane pruning where the canes are bent into arches.
what are the advantages of Double arched cane system?
it improves evenness of growth and the fruitfulness of Glera and increases the ventilation of the canopy reducing the incidence of fungal disease
Where is Double arched cane system common?
hilly sites of Prosecco DOCG where high fruit quality is the main aim
What are the disadvantages of Double arched cane system
individual branches must be tied in every plant (adding to cost) and care must be taken to maintain an open canopy by repeated shoot thinning
Describe Guyot system
form of training used on the flatter land where after winter pruning it is possible to work with machine reducing costs.
How are grapes harvested in Prosecco DOC?
typically by machine due to the flatter land - leading to lower cost
What do high yields of grapes lead to in Prosecco DOC?
wines of lower concentration
Where do the best wines from Prosecco DOCG come from? why?
south facing hillside sites - lead to more concentration in final wine - reduced fertility (poorer soil and better drainage than on flatter sites) with greater day/night temp differences = slower growth