Loire Valley Flashcards
How many sparkling wine appellations are in Loire?
7 in total - only three will be studied in WSET dip
What are the three Loire appellations covered in WSET for sparkling wines
Cremant de Loire, sparkling Vouvray, and sparkling Saumur
describe the amount of production of Cremant de Loire
it is about equal to sparkling Vouvray and sparkling Saumur combined
How much sparkling wine in Loire account for total wine production?
about 13%
Where is production centered for Cremant de Loire and sparkling Saumur?
Saumur
How is Champagne connected to Cremant de Loire and sparkling Saumur?
major companies are owned by Champagne houses
ex: Bouvet-Ladubay owned by Taittinger
Gratien & Meyer owned by Champagne Alfred Gratien
Langlois-Chateau majority owned by Bollinger
Where were the first sparkling wine cellars in the Loire based and why?
around Saumur due to the availability of caves suitable for aging wines
How much of Cremant de Loire is white?
90%
General SAT for Cremant de Loire
white (chenin blanc dominant)
med intensity apple and citrus flavors
light autolytic toasty notes
wines with two or 3 years of age can develop honeyed aromas
high acidity
most are brut in style (demi sec also made)
mid priced with a few premium prices
How much has vineyard area declared for Cremant production increased between 2012-2017
2012 = 1600
2017 = 2600
How much has vineyard area declared for Cremant production increased between 2012-2017
2012 = 1600
2017 = 2600
How many producers are in Cremant de Loire?
600
Where are the only places fruit for Cremant de Loire are grown?
in the middle of Loire districts of Anjou-Saumur and Touraine only
What helps to moderate the temperature in Anjou-Saumur and Touraine?
200km stretch of the River Loire and its tributaries
What zone is the source of most of the fruit for Crement
in the zone south and south-west of Saumur
What does the Atlantic Ocean provide for Loire Valley
it extends its cool mild influence to just east of Tours in the center of Touraine (most of area delimited for Cremant de Loire appellation)
What is the benefit of the cool climate in Loire Valley
helps to produce grapes with low potential alcohol and high acidity levels
what is a disadvantage of the climate in Loire Valley?
fungal diseases and ultimately rain (during flowering and at harvest) can be a problem.
what type of soil is found in Loire Valley?
there is a wide range: clay-limestone, flint-clay, sand, gravel, and tuff.
Anjou = schist and limestone
Touraine = chalk
What is important for a good property in Loire Valley
good drainage, water retention characteristics of limestone elements
What are ideal for maturation chambers for lees aging sparkling wines and wihy?
caves made from underlying tuff that has been excavated for building, as there is little fluctuation in the temperature and humidity.
What are the best-exposed sites in Loire Valley used for?
still wines as they need a greater level of ripeness
What type of sites are grapes used for sparkling wines typically found in Loire Valley
less exposed sites with higher proportion of clay, however excessive clay are not classified within the appellation (too cold and lack drainage)
What type of rootstock are used in Loire Valley
due to high lime content Fercal and Riperia Glorie de Montpellier (high tolerance to lime)
What varieties can Cremant de Loire be made from?
common varieties of the region: Chenin Blanc (major part of most wines), Cab franc, Can Sauv, Groileau Noir and Gris, Pineau d’Aunis, Pinot Noir and Chardonnay
what is the max allowed of Cabernet Sauvignon and Pineau d’Aunis allowed in a Cremant de Loire blend? why?
30%
aromatic profile not suited for traditional method
How are vines pruned in Cremant de Loire?
to a greater crop load than for still wines as the base wines do not require high levels of fruit concentration