Properties Of Water Flashcards
Explain the polarity of water.
Oxygen has a partial negative charge (electrons closer to it than hydrogen) and hydrogen has a partial positive charge.
What type of bonds does water have?
Hydrogen bonds.
Explain why water has a high SHC.
Heat is a measure of vibrations, more vibrations more heat. Vibration of water is restricted because of h-bonds and fluidity of water. By fluidity, water quickly distributes energy giving it less time to break h-bonds. Lots of h-bonds require a lot of energy to break.
Define SHC.
the heat which can increase one unit temperature of a mass unit of a substance.
Why is ice lighter than water?
H-bonds spaced further apart in ice which lowers density. Liquid water has a random arrangement and there are more H-bonds.
Explain water’s solubility.
(Hydrophilic substances in water) Water is a solvent that dissolves solutes like salt. Water molecules surround charged particles/ions.
(Hydrophobic substances in water) water molecules avoids non-polar substances. Non-polar substances aggregate.
Describe the movement of water.
AKA osmosis. Movement of water through semipermeable membrane from a high concentration to a low concentration without energy.
Describe the movement of water.
AKA osmosis. Movement of water through semipermeable membrane from a high concentration to a low concentration without energy.
Describe hypertonic.
Less water outside the cells, so water inside the cells moves out causing it to shrivel.
Describe isotonic.
Normal cells. Water leaves and enters cell.
Describe hypotonic.
More water outside the cells, water moves into cells causing it to burst.
Show how water is like at Eq, between ionisable state.
H2O <—-> H+ + OH-
Equation for dissociation constant of water.
Kw = [H+] [OH-]
What is the value of Kw at 25oC ?
10^-14
Equation for pH.
pH = -log[H+] OR pH = log 1/[H+]
