Properties of Muscles

Question 1

Muscular system

Answer 1

> 600 skeletal muscles in the body
40-50% of the body weight is skeletal muscles
Muscles fill in the outline and shape of the body
Muscle contraction produces movement and heat

Question 2

Fascia

Answer 2

Fibrous connective tissue surrounding muscle that is outside epimysium and tendon

Question 3

Epimysium

Answer 3

Coarse sheath covering the muscle as a whole

Question 4

Perimysium

Answer 4

Tough connective tissue binding fascicles together

Question 5

Endomysium

Answer 5

Delicate connective tissue membrane covering skeletal muscle fibres

Question 6

Size

Answer 6

Vastus, maximus, longs, minimus, brevis

Question 7

Shape

Answer 7

Broad, narrow, long, tapering, short, blunt, triangular, quadrilateral, irregular, flat sheets or bulky masses

Question 8

Arrangement

Answer 8

Parallel to a long axis converging to a narrow attachment, oblique, pennate, bipennate or curved

Question 9

Origin

Answer 9

Point of attachment that does not move when the muscle contracts

Question 10

Insertion

Answer 10

Point of attachment that moves when the muscle contracts

Question 11

Origin bone

Answer 11

More stationary of the two bones at a joint when contraction occurs

Question 12

Insertion bone

Answer 12

Moves along a “line of force” toward origin bone when muscle shortens

Question 13

Muscle actions

Answer 13

Most movements are produced by the coordinated action of several muscles
- Prime mover (agonist)
- Antagonist
- Synergist (can also be fixator)

Question 14

Naming of muscles

Answer 14

Muscles are named according to
- Location, function, shape
- Fibre orientation (direction)
- Number of heads or divisions
- Points of attachment (origin and insertion)
- Relative size: Small, medium, or large