Properties of Acids and Bases Flashcards
Acids will always have a what?
H⁺
hydro-fluoric acid
HF
hydro-chloric acid
HCL
nitrous acid
HNO₂
nitric acid
HNO₃
hydrobromic acid
HBr
sulphurous acid
H₂S0₃
sulphuric acid
H₂SO₄
phosphoric acid
H₃PO₄
carbonic acid
H₂CO₃
acetic acid
CH₃COOH
citric acid
C₆H₈O₇
chloric acid
HClO₃
perchloric acid
HClO₄
chlorous acid
HClO₂
hypochlorous acid
HClO
sodium hydroxide
NaOH
barium hydroxide
Ba(OH)₂
ammonia
NH₃
What are the properties of acids?
- sour
- ph below 7
- turns blue litmus paper into red
- corrosive
What are the properties of bases?
- bitter
- pH above 7
- turns red litmus paper into blue
corrosive and caustic
_______ acids/bases dissociate fully
strong
_______ acids/bases dissociate partially
weak
Ions can conduct what?
electricity
soluble bases are called?
alkali
What are some everyday examples of bases?
- saltwater
- bleach
- oven cleaner
- ammonia
What are acids in Bronstead-Lowry’s theory?
donates one or more protons (donate H⁺ ions)
protons are the same as?
hydrogen ions (H⁺)
What are bases according to Bronstead-Lowry theory?
accepts one or more protons (accepts H⁺ ions)
What is an amphiprotic substance?
a substance that can act as an acid or a base, so it can accept or donate protons
What is hydronium?
H₃O
What is the difference between the formulas of a conjugate acid-base pair?
they differ by one less or one more H⁺
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