promoting health and wellbeing Flashcards
public health
the organised response by society to protect and promote health, and to prevent illness, injury or disability
what is health promotion
the process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health
biomedical approach
- quick fix approach
- focuses on the physical aspects of disease or illness. It is a medical model of care practiced by doctors and health professionals
- is associated with the diagnosis, treatment and cure of disease
social model
- a conceptual framework
- aims to move beyond a biomedical view by addressing the factors that lead to ill health and health inequality within the community
- directs effort towards social, economic and environmental determinants of health
Medicare
Australia’s universal healthcare system, which aims to improve the access to healthcare for all Australians and to provide access to adequate healthcare at little or no cost to all Australians in need of treatment, regardless of age or income.
pharmaceutical benefits scheme
An Australian Government program that provides subsidised prescription medications to Australian residents.
national disability scheme
- Commonwealth Government’s way of providing support for Australians with disability, their carers and families by ensuring that people with a disability and their carers get full access to the support they need
- provides access to mainstream and community services and supports
- has a vision of a community that values people with disabilities
private health insurance
Is a subscription or policy a person pays to provide them with different levels of cover. It can provide additional healthcare services to those provided by Medicare and can cover some of the costs associated with private hospital treatment and services.
AREAS - guiding principles of the social model
A - addresses the broader determinants
R - acts to reduce social inequalities
E - empowers individuals and communities
A - acts to enable access to health care
S - involves inter-sectorial collaboration
DRABC - Ottowa charter priority actions
D - develop personal skills R - reorient health services A - strengthen community action B - build healthy public policy C - create supportive environments
old public health
- focused on medical interventions and improving infrastructure, especially to provide shelter, clean water and sanitation
- involved a strong reliance on medicines to overcome infectious diseases
new public health
- increased awareness about the role that lifestyle factors (preventable) play in influencing our health
- focus on disease prevention and health promotion
social and biomedical relationship
- the social model ensures equality and access to healthcare and treatments
- the biomedical model involves the research of disease and creating and testing treatment
- eg. vaccines
Medicare - sustainability
- by reducing the cost of healthcare people may access it sooner therefore reducing the cost of treatment in the long term
Medicare - equity
- includes a safety net to protect those who experience higher costs of healthcare
- available to all Australian citizens and does not discriminate therefor those who need it most can access it
Medicare - access
- rebates are provided for a range of healthcare services
- services more financially accessible therefor people are more likely to have conditions diagnosed and treated earlier
- treat patients in hospital based on need
PBS - sustainability
- economically sustainable by subsidising the cost of a range of essential medications
- only adds medications that are more efficient at treating conditions therefore reducing the cost of the wider health system
- reliable medication to meet the needs of the current generation so they’re less likely to need ongoing treatment
PBS - equity
- safety net to protect those who suffer chronic illness
- reduces the cost of PBS medication for Aboriginals by closing the gap program: more likely to get medication
- available to all Australian citizens and does not discriminate
PBS - access
- provides timely access to medication at local pharmacies at a reduced cost therefore people don’t have to travel and can access medication quickly
- aims to make medications more financially accessible
NDIS - sustainability
- promote health over the long term as they will have the support they need over the duration of their life
- 0.5% added to Medicare levy to support NDIS to make it more financially accessible
NDIS - equity
- ensuring full access to the support they need
- more resources being provided to support those who need the help most
NDIS - access
- aims to ensure that Australians with a disability receive the reasonable and necessary funded support required for them to financially access all the services they need to live an ordinary life, achieve their goals, promote their health
PHI - sustainability
- economically sustainable as it helps meet the needs of current and future generations through placing less burden on the healthcare system so people can be treated sooner
- provides continuous care for those with a long term disease or injury
PHI - equity
- implementing incentive schemes
PHI - access
- timely relevant access
- increase the number of people who will receive subsidised access to a wider range of services
- access to choice of doctor or private hospital that best meets their needs
Ottowa charter
an approach to health promotion that was developed from the social model which attempts to reduce inequalities in health
Ottowa charter 3 strategies for health promotion
- enable
- mediate
- advocate
limitations of biomedical
- only treats the symptoms
- requires medical professionals
- doesn’t look beyond the cause
advantages of biomedical
- enables treatment of more problems
- help cure illness
- extends life expectancy by early diagnosis
Australian dietary guidelines - 1
to achieve and maintain a healthy weight, be physically active and choose amounts of nutritious food and drinks to meet your energy needs
- grow and develop normally
- regularly obtaining more energy from food eaten than is needed and insufficient PA can lead to excess body fat
Australian dietary guideline - 2
enjoy a wide variety of nutritious foods from these five food groups every day
- enable and attain all required nutrients without excess energy intake
- range of foods from food groups protects against non-communicable chronic diseases
Australian dietary guidelines - 3,4,5
3- limit intake of foods containing saturated fat, added salt, added sugars and alcohol
4- encourage, support and promote breastfeeding
5- care for your food; prepare and store it safely
limitations of ADG
does not address those with a disadvantage such as medical conditions, low SES, limited knowledge/skills on cooking
initiatives to promote health - smoking
- QUIT Victoria
- Aboriginal QUIT line
- national tobacco campaign (Quitnow)
