promoting health and wellbeing

Question 1

public health

Answer 1

the organised response by society to protect and promote health, and to prevent illness, injury or disability

Question 2

what is health promotion

Answer 2

the process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health

Question 3

biomedical approach

Answer 3

• quick fix approach
• focuses on the physical aspects of disease or illness. It is a medical model of care practiced by doctors and health professionals
• is associated with the diagnosis, treatment and cure of disease

Question 4

social model

Answer 4

• a conceptual framework
• aims to move beyond a biomedical view by addressing the factors that lead to ill health and health inequality within the community
• directs effort towards social, economic and environmental determinants of health

Question 5

Medicare

Answer 5

Australia’s universal healthcare system, which aims to improve the access to healthcare for all Australians and to provide access to adequate healthcare at little or no cost to all Australians in need of treatment, regardless of age or income.

Question 6

pharmaceutical benefits scheme

Answer 6

An Australian Government program that provides subsidised prescription medications to Australian residents.

Question 7

national disability scheme

Answer 7

• Commonwealth Government’s way of providing support for Australians with disability, their carers and families by ensuring that people with a disability and their carers get full access to the support they need
• provides access to mainstream and community services and supports
• has a vision of a community that values people with disabilities

Question 8

private health insurance

Answer 8

Is a subscription or policy a person pays to provide them with different levels of cover. It can provide additional healthcare services to those provided by Medicare and can cover some of the costs associated with private hospital treatment and services.

Question 9

AREAS - guiding principles of the social model

Answer 9

A - addresses the broader determinants
R - acts to reduce social inequalities
E - empowers individuals and communities
A - acts to enable access to health care
S - involves inter-sectorial collaboration

Question 10

DRABC - Ottowa charter priority actions

Answer 10

D - develop personal skills 
R - reorient health services
A - strengthen community action 
B - build healthy public policy 
C - create supportive environments

Question 11

old public health

Answer 11

• focused on medical interventions and improving infrastructure, especially to provide shelter, clean water and sanitation
• involved a strong reliance on medicines to overcome infectious diseases

Question 12

new public health

Answer 12

• increased awareness about the role that lifestyle factors (preventable) play in influencing our health
• focus on disease prevention and health promotion

Question 13

social and biomedical relationship

Answer 13

• the social model ensures equality and access to healthcare and treatments
• the biomedical model involves the research of disease and creating and testing treatment
• eg. vaccines

Question 14

Medicare - sustainability

Answer 14

• by reducing the cost of healthcare people may access it sooner therefore reducing the cost of treatment in the long term

Question 15

Medicare - equity

Answer 15

• includes a safety net to protect those who experience higher costs of healthcare
• available to all Australian citizens and does not discriminate therefor those who need it most can access it

Question 16

Medicare - access

Answer 16

• rebates are provided for a range of healthcare services
• services more financially accessible therefor people are more likely to have conditions diagnosed and treated earlier
• treat patients in hospital based on need

Question 17

PBS - sustainability

Answer 17

• economically sustainable by subsidising the cost of a range of essential medications
• only adds medications that are more efficient at treating conditions therefore reducing the cost of the wider health system
• reliable medication to meet the needs of the current generation so they’re less likely to need ongoing treatment

Question 18

PBS - equity

Answer 18

• safety net to protect those who suffer chronic illness
• reduces the cost of PBS medication for Aboriginals by closing the gap program: more likely to get medication
• available to all Australian citizens and does not discriminate

Question 19

PBS - access

Answer 19

• provides timely access to medication at local pharmacies at a reduced cost therefore people don’t have to travel and can access medication quickly
• aims to make medications more financially accessible

Question 20

NDIS - sustainability

Answer 20

• promote health over the long term as they will have the support they need over the duration of their life
• 0.5% added to Medicare levy to support NDIS to make it more financially accessible

Question 21

NDIS - equity

Answer 21

• ensuring full access to the support they need

- more resources being provided to support those who need the help most

Question 22

NDIS - access

Answer 22

• aims to ensure that Australians with a disability receive the reasonable and necessary funded support required for them to financially access all the services they need to live an ordinary life, achieve their goals, promote their health

Question 23

PHI - sustainability

Answer 23

• economically sustainable as it helps meet the needs of current and future generations through placing less burden on the healthcare system so people can be treated sooner
• provides continuous care for those with a long term disease or injury

Question 24

PHI - equity

Answer 24

• implementing incentive schemes

Question 25

PHI - access

Answer 25

• timely relevant access
• increase the number of people who will receive subsidised access to a wider range of services
• access to choice of doctor or private hospital that best meets their needs

Question 26

Ottowa charter

Answer 26

an approach to health promotion that was developed from the social model which attempts to reduce inequalities in health

Question 27

Ottowa charter 3 strategies for health promotion

Answer 27

• enable
• mediate
• advocate

Question 28

limitations of biomedical

Answer 28

• only treats the symptoms
• requires medical professionals
• doesn’t look beyond the cause

Question 29

advantages of biomedical

Answer 29

• enables treatment of more problems
• help cure illness
• extends life expectancy by early diagnosis

Question 30

Australian dietary guidelines - 1

Answer 30

to achieve and maintain a healthy weight, be physically active and choose amounts of nutritious food and drinks to meet your energy needs

• grow and develop normally
• regularly obtaining more energy from food eaten than is needed and insufficient PA can lead to excess body fat

Question 31

Australian dietary guideline - 2

Answer 31

enjoy a wide variety of nutritious foods from these five food groups every day

• enable and attain all required nutrients without excess energy intake
• range of foods from food groups protects against non-communicable chronic diseases

Question 32

Australian dietary guidelines - 3,4,5

Answer 32

3- limit intake of foods containing saturated fat, added salt, added sugars and alcohol
4- encourage, support and promote breastfeeding
5- care for your food; prepare and store it safely

Question 33

limitations of ADG

Answer 33

does not address those with a disadvantage such as medical conditions, low SES, limited knowledge/skills on cooking

Question 34

initiatives to promote health - smoking

Answer 34

• QUIT Victoria
• Aboriginal QUIT line
• national tobacco campaign (Quitnow)