prolapsed disc presentation Flashcards
L3 nerve compression
- Sensory loss over anterior thigh
- Weak hip flexion, knee extension + hip abduction
- Reduced knee reflex
- Positive femoral stretch test
L4 nerve root compression
- Sensory loss of anterior aspect of knee + medial malleolus
- Weak knee extension + hip abduction
- Reduced knee reflex
- Positive femoral stretch
L5 nerve root compression
- Sensory loss dorsum of foot
- Weakness in foot + big toe dorsiflexion
- Reflexes intact
- Positive sciatic nerve stretch test
S1 nerve root compression
- Sensory loss posterolateral aspect of leg + lateral aspect of foor
- Weakness in plantar flexion of foot
- Reduced ankle reflex
- Positive sciatic stretch test
nerve roots of femoral nerve, motor + sensory innervation + typical mechanism of injury
L2-L4
(emerges lateral to psoas major)
motor = knee extension, hip flexion
sensory = anterior aspect of thigh
mech of injury -> hip + pelvic fractures
nerve roots of obturator nerve, motor + sensory innervation + typical mechanism of injury
L2-L4
( emerges medial to psoas major)
motor = thigh aDduction
sensory = medial thigh
mech of injury -> anterior hip dislocations
nerve roots of tibial nerve, motor + sensory innervation + typical mechanism of injury
L4-S3
motor = foor plantaflexion + inversion
sensory = sole of foot
mech of injury - not commonly injured as deep, popliteal lacerations, pos. knee disloacations
nerve roots of common peroneal, motor + sensory innervation + typical mechanism of injury
L4-S2
motor = foot dorsiflexion + Eversion, extensor hallucis longus
sensory = dorsum of the foot + lateral lower leg
mech of injury = neck of fibula, tightly applied lower limb plaster
FOOT DROP
nerve roots of superior gluteal, motor + sensory innervation + typical mechanism of injury
L4-S1
- supplies glute medius, glute minimus + tensor fasciae latae
motor = hip aBduction
sensory = none
mech of injury = pelvic fracture, pos. hip dislocation
POSITIVIE TRENDELENBURG SIGN
nerve roots of inferior gluteal, motor + sensory innervation + typical mechanism of injury
L5-S1
- supplies glute max
motor = hip extension + lateral rotation
sneosry = none
injury = assoc with sciatic, cant rise from seated position, cant jump, cant climb stairs
nerve roots of musculocutanous nerve, motor + sensory innervation + typical mechanism of injury
C5-7
motor = elbow flexion (supplies biceps brachii) + supination
sensory = lateral part of forearm
mech injury = not usually isolated, part of brachial plexus injury
nerve roots of axillary nerve, motor + sensory innervation + typical mechanism of injury
C5, C6
motor = shoulder abduction (deltoid)
sensory = regimental badge patch area
mech of injury = humeral neck fracture/dislocation - result in flattened deltoid
nerve roots of radial nerve, motor + sensory innervation + typical mechanism of injury
C5-C8
motor = extension (forearm, wrist, fingers, thimb)
sensory = back of the upper arm, forearm, and to the back of the hand and fingers except little and half adjacent
mech of injury = humeral midshaft fracture
wrist drop
nerve roots of median nerve, motor + sensory innervation + typical mechanism of injury
C6, C8, T1
motor - LOAF muscles, depends on site
- wrist = paralysis of thenar muscles, opponens pollicis
- elbow = low of pronation of forearm + weak wrist flextion
sesnsory = palmar aspect of lateral 3 1/2 fingers
mech of injury = carpal tunnel
damage to median nerve based on location
- wrist = paralysis of thenar muscles, opponens pollicis
- elbow = low of pronation of forearm + weak wrist flextion
