paul felts knowledge Flashcards
astrocytes
numerous processes -> star shaped
support + maintain blood brain barrier, environmental homeostasis
no connective tissue in the CNS
ooligodendrocytes
produce myelin in CNS - NOT PNS
microlia
immune monitoring + antigen presenting
(similar lineage to macrophages)
ependymal cells
ciliated cuboidal/columnar epithelium that line the ventricles
(dont form a barrier between CDF + brain tissue)
glial cells
10x more numerous than neurones in CNS
- astrocytes
- oligodendrocytes
- microglia
- ependymal cells
which primitive part of the brain does the hypothalamus originate from?
diencephalon
–> so does thalamus
what are the 3 primary vesicles/ early visible swellings in the neural tube + what seconday vesicles does each develop into
prosencephalon -> telencephalon, diencephalon
mesencephalon -> midbrain
rhombencephalon -> metencephalon, myelencephalon
primary vesicles - 4 wks
secondary - 6-8wks
which embryonic division does the pons + cerebellum derive from?
metencephalon (from rhombencephalon)
which embryonic division does the medulla oblongata derive from?
myelencephalon (from rhombencephalon_
which embryonic division does the cerebral hemispheres derive from?
telencephalon (from prosencephalon)
components of the brain stem
midbrain
pons
medulla oblongata
white vs grey matter
grey matter
- outside layer of brain, although some deep grey matter structures
- MIDDLE section of spinal cord
- many neurons, cell processes, support cells
white matter
- (medullary centre)
- outer section in spinal cord
- axons + their support cells
where do the dural venous sinuses drain
internal jugular vein
which spinal segments have lateral horns? why?
T1-L2
contains preganglionic sympathetic neurons
where is the spinal cord larger?
in cervical + lumbar regions
