Prokaryotic organelles

Question 1

Cell surface membrane

Answer 1

Made of phospholipids and proteins like eukaryotic cells

Question 2

Capsule/slime layer

Answer 2

Thick polysaccharide layer using for sticking cells together as a food reserve and protection against desiccation and chemicals

Question 3

Cell wall

Answer 3

made of murein which is a glycoprotein complex (i.e, protein/carbohydrate), also called peptidoglycan.

Question 4

Cytoplasm

Answer 4

Contains all enzymes needed for all metabolic reactions and no organelles

Question 5

Ribosomes

Answer 5

Smaller than in eukaryotic (70s type - 80nm) and same as ribosomes within mitochondria and chloroplasts

Question 6

Chromosome

Answer 6

Always circular and not associated with proteins (eukaryotic DNA is wrapped around proteins called histones)

Question 7

Plasmid

Answer 7

Small circles of DNA used to exchange DNA between bacterial cells and is useful for genetic engineering

Question 8

Mesosome

Answer 8

A tightly folded region of membrane containing all membrane bound proteins needed for aerobic respiration and ATP production

Question 9

Photosynthetic membranes

Answer 9

Folds in the membrane may be present to aid photosynthesis

Question 10

Pilli

Answer 10

Protein rods concerned with cell to cell attachment and DNA transfer

Question 11

Flagellum

Answer 11

A rigid rotating helical shaped tail used for propulsion. Doesn’t contain microtubules so simpler

Question 12

Food stores

Answer 12

Lipid glycogen or or glycogen granules