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A Level Biology - 2.1.1 Cell structure > Miscroscopes > Flashcards

Miscroscopes Flashcards

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1
Q

What is magnification?

A

The extent to which an object has been enlarged

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2
Q

What is resolution?

A

The ability to distinguish between two points close together as being separate and to see detail

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3
Q

What is the calculation for magnification?

A

Image size divided by object size

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4
Q

How do light microscopes work?

A

Photons of visible light travel as a wave and objects are seen as the wavelength interacts with the objects

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5
Q

What is resolution limited by?

A

The wavelength of radiation used to view the sample

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6
Q

What is the resolution of a light microscope?

A

0.2 micrometers

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7
Q

What is the maximum useful magnification of a light microscope?

A

x1500

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8
Q

What are light microscopes usually used for?

A

To see whole cells or tissue

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9
Q

How the Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopes work?

A

Laser beams are used to scan a specimen which is usually tagged with fluorescent dye and the laser causes the dye the fluorescence (give off light) which is then focused through a pinhole onto a detector the create a 3D image

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10
Q

How does the pinhole work?

A

Any out of focus light is blocked to produce a much clearer image

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11
Q

What are Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopes are used for?

A

Objects at different depths in thick specimens

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12
Q

What are the two kinds of electron microscopes?

A

Scanning and transmission

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13
Q

How do Transmission Electron Microscopes work?

A

Electromagnets are used to focus a beam of electrons which are then transmitted through the specimen and denser part of the specimen absorb more electrons so the look more dark on the image

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14
Q

What can TEM be used for?

A

High resolution images such as for organelles but can only be used on thin specimens

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15
Q

What is the resolution of a TEM?

A

0.1-2nm

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16
Q

How do Scanning Electromagnetic Microscopes work?

A

They scan a beam of electrons across the specimen which knocks off electrons from the specimen which are gathered in a cathode ray tube to form an image which shows the surface of the specimen in 3D

17
Q

What is the resolution of an SEM?

A

2-5nm

18
Q

What do light microscope images look like?

A

They are 2D, coloured and whole cells are visible

19
Q

What do Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope images look like?

A

They are in a black background with fluorescent colour

20
Q

What do TEM images look like?

A

They are 2D black and white images

21
Q

What do SEM images look like?

A

They are 3D and can be artificially coloured in

A Level Biology - 2.1.1 Cell structure (9 decks)

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