prokaryotic cells

Question 1

Are prokaryotic cells smaller or bigger than eukaryotes

Answer 1

smaller

Question 2

what type of ribosomes do prokaryotic cells have

Answer 2

70S

Question 3

Do prokaryotic cells make up single-celled organisms

Answer 3

yes,not multicellular,en example od a prokaryotic cell is bacterial cells

Question 4

do prokaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles

Answer 4

no they dont

Question 5

which domains do prokaryotic cells belong to

Answer 5

bacteria and archaea

Question 6

do prokaryotic cells have a mitochondria

Answer 6

no

Question 7

do prokaryotic cells have a cell wall

Answer 7

yes

Question 8

what do prokaryotic cell wall consist of

Answer 8

peptidoglycan/murein

Question 9

What is the process prokaryotic cells use to divide

Answer 9

binary fission

Question 9

do prokaryotic cells have a nucleus

Answer 9

no they do not

Question 10

Where is the DNA in prokaryotic cells located

Answer 10

the DNA in prokaryotic cells is free floating in the cytoplasm of the cell

Question 11

in what form do prokaryotic cells store their energy

Answer 11

-glycogen granules
- lipid droplets

Question 12

what is peptidoglycan

Answer 12

its a glycoprotein -menaing a carbohydrate and a polypeptide chain

-peptidoglycan specifically is made of a polysaccharide and amino acids

Question 12

what structures are always present in prokaryotic cells

Answer 12

-peptidoglycan cell wall
-70S ribosomes
-DNA
-cell-surface membrane
-cytoplasm
-glycogen granules and lipid droplets

Question 13

What’s the function of the peptidoglycan cell wall?

Answer 13

it helps maintain the cell’s structure-it prevents the bacterial cell from bursting when water enters the cell osmosis

Question 14

Are the 70S ribosomes still involved in protein synthesis

Answer 14

yes

Question 15

does the cytoplasm of the prokaryotic cell have mebrane-bound organelles

Answer 15

no

Question 16

What is the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cell

Answer 16

cytosol

Question 17

what is the cytosol made of

Answer 17

salt,water and organic matter

Question 18

Does the DNA float freely within the cytoplasm

Answer 18

yes

Question 18

what is the cell-surface membrane

Answer 18

phospholipid bilayer

Question 19

What happened in the cell-surface membrane

Answer 19

ATP is produced within the cell-surface membrane

Question 20

is the DNA is prokaryotic cells circular or linear

Answer 20

circular

Question 21

is the DNA associated with histones in prokaryotic cells

Answer 21

No

Question 22

what are glycogen granules and lipid droplets known as

Answer 22

They are the nutrient stores of bacterial cell

Question 23

what structures may or may not be present in prokaryotic cells

Answer 23

-plasmids -Pilli -slime capsule -flagellum

Question 24

what is the definition for plasmids

Answer 24

small loops of circular DNA

Question 25

is it true that plasmids are separated from the main circular DNA

Answer 25

yes

Question 26

what do plasmids contain and why is that useful

Answer 26

they contain small amount of genes,particularly genes that can be passed between prokaryotes like antibiotic resistance ,thus helping prokaryotes to reproduce and survive

Question 27

are plasmids present in all prokaryotes

Answer 27

no

Question 28

where is the slime capsule located

Answer 28

outside of the peptidoglycan cell wall

Question 29

what is the function of the slime capsule

Answer 29

-prevents bacteria from drying out -protects bacteria from phagocytosis by white blood cells

Question 30

does that flagella stick out of the surface of cells

Answer 30

yes

Question 31

are flagella longer or shorter than cilia

Answer 31

longer

Question 32

what is the structure of flagella

Answer 32

they have a '9+ 2 arrangement like cilia

Question 33

what is the function of flagella

Answer 33

-they propel cells like sperm cells forward -used as sensory organelles,detecting chemical changes in the environement

Question 34

what happens in the flagellum to allow it to propel the cell forward

Answer 34

the microtubules contained within it contract, allowing the flagellum to rotate using energy from chemiosmosis and thus propel the cell forward

Question 35

is the maximum number of flagella a prokaryote can have 1

Answer 35

no prokaryotes can have more than one falgellum

Question 36

what process supplies the energy required for flagella to rotate

Answer 36

chemiosmosis

Question 37

does the flagella use ATP to rotate

Answer 37

no,it uses chemiosmosis to getehr energy to rotate

Question 38

what are pili

Answer 38

they are protein strands located on the surface of prokaryotic cells

Question 39

what is the function of pilli

Answer 39

they allow prokaryotic cells to attach to surfaces and each other,allowing them to transfer DNA between each other

Question 40

why is the function of pili vital for prokaryotes

Answer 40

when bacteria cells attach they can transfer DNA from one bacterial cell to another

Question 40

give me two ways in which prokaryotes are useful

Answer 40

-help make antibiotics -used in food prodcution