Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells Flashcards
What are some ways to differentiate prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Kingdom, shape/size, genetic information, cell exterior, cell movement, reproduction and metabolism
What are the kingdoms of eukaryotic cells
Protista, fungi, plantae, animalia
What are the kingdoms of prokaryotic cells
Bacteria and archaea
Eukarya shape/size
Various shapes/sizes depending on function
100-1000 micrometers
Prokaryote shape/size
Various shapes
1-10 micrometers
Eukarya complexity
Greater complexity, greater specialization
Membrane-bound nucleus, an organelles
Found in unicellular or multicellular organisms
Prokaryote complexity
Simple, primitive cells
lack, membrane-bound, organelles
generally exist as unicellular organisms
Eukarya genetic information
Have membrane bound nucleus with DNA packed into many discrete bundles called chromosomes
Prokaryote genetic information
Single loop of double stranded DNA floating in the centre of the cell (nucleoid). Some cells also contain small circular DNA called plasmids that contribute to resistance.
Eukaryotic cell exterior
Cell membrane and cell wall only in plants fungi and algae
Prokaryote cell exterior
Most have cell walls(w peptidoglycan). Some have capsule or slime layer outside cell membrane. Some have pilli
Eukarya cell movement
Some have cilli or flagella
Prokaryote cell movement
Some poses flagella
Eukarya reproduction
Mitosis(asexual) and meiosis(sexual)
Prokaryote reproduction
Binary fission(asexual) and conjugation(sexual)
