Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes

Question 0

Pro or Euk?
Nucleus
Asexual or sexual

Answer 0

Eukaryote

Question 1

Pro or Euk?

Asexual/ no nucleus

Answer 1

Prokaryotes

Question 2

Pro or Euk?

Reproduces: binary fission, snapping division, budding

Answer 2

Prokaryote

Question 3

Pro or Euk?

Complex structure

Answer 3

Eukaryote

Question 4

Pro or Euk?

Simple Structure

Answer 4

Prokaryote

Question 5

Pro or Euk?

Endospores

Answer 5

Prokaryote

Question 6

Pro or Euk?

Bacteria
Archaea

Answer 6

Prokaryote

Question 7

Pro or Euk?

Lack internal structures bound with phospholids

Answer 7

Prokaryote

Question 8

Pro or Euk?

Small ~1.0 um

Answer 8

Prokaryote

Question 9

Pro or Euk?

Internal membranes bound to organelles

Answer 9

Eukaryote

Question 10

Pro or Euk?

Large 10-100 um

Answer 10

Eukaryote

Question 11

Pro or Euk?

Complex

Answer 11

Eukaryote

Question 12

Pro or Euk?

Algae, protozoa, fungi, animals, plants

Answer 12

Eukaryotes

Question 13

Type of eukaryote- multicellular, long, sexual, asexual?

Answer 13

Fungi-Mold

Question 14

Type of Eukaryote- unicellular, asexual with budding, some sexual, cell wall

Answer 14

Fungi-yeast

Question 15

Type of eukaryote- single cell, asexual, some sexual

move–> pseudophodia (ext flow along),
cilia (short propel)
Flagella (ext longer than cilia, whip)

Answer 15

Protozoa

Question 16

Type of eukaryote: unicellular, multicellular
photosynthetic
simple reproduction

Answer 16

Algae

Question 17

Type of Prokaryotes:

peptidoglycan
some without cell wall

Answer 17

Bacteria

Question 18

Type of prokaryote:

Polymers and peptidoglycan

Answer 18

Archae

Question 19

Pro or Euk?

found in moisture and some are isolated

Answer 19

Prokaryote

Question 20

Type of reproduction:

split in half
cell replicates DNA, cytoplasm elongates to separate DNA molecules, cross wall forms, daughter cells separate

Answer 20

Binary fission

Question 21

Type of reproduction:

like fission
hinge, rupture outer wall

Answer 21

Snapping divison

Question 22

Type of reproduction:

nucleoid replicates
New nucleoid is moved into bud
Young bud pulls away
Daughter cell is formed

Answer 22

Budding

Question 23

What are endospores?

Answer 23

produced by Gram + Bacillus and clostridium

• germinates to form one vegetative cell
• Defense against unfavorable conditions
• concern to food processors, health care professionals

Question 24

Shapes of Prokaryotes

Answer 24

Coccus=ball
Coccobacillus- mini bean
Bacillus- big bean
Vibrio- eggplant
Spirillum- fat waves
Spirochete- skinny longer waves
Pleomorphic- random

Question 25

What is the external structures of Bacteria cells?

Answer 25

Glycocalyes, flagella

Question 26

Types of glycocalyes?

Answer 26

Capsule and slime layer

polysaccharides, polypeptides, or both
Sticky outside of cell

Question 27

What are capsule glycocalyes?

Answer 27

Organized repeating units organic chemicals
firmly attached surface
Prevent bacteria from being recognized by host

Question 28

What are slime layer glycocalyes?

Answer 28

Loosely attached
Water soluble
Sticky allows prokaryotes to attach to surface

Question 29

Describe flagella

Answer 29

Movement, long structure beyond cell surface

NOT present on all bacteria

Question 30

Structure of Flagella

Answer 30

Filament, hook, basal body
Basal body anchors filament/hook to cell wall by a rode and two or four rings of integral proteins
Attached to membrane/cell wall

Question 31

Function of Flagella

Answer 31

• Rotation propels bacterium through environment
• Rotation reversible
• Bacteria move in response to stimuli (taxis)–runs/tumbles

Question 32

Describe endospores

Answer 32

produced by some bacteria that are a defense strategy against unfavorable conditions

“escape pod” of bacteria freeze anthrax and when thaws out it still goes to work

Duplicate DNA and tuck it away into the escape pod