Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes Flashcards

0
Q

Pro or Euk?
Nucleus
Asexual or sexual

A

Eukaryote

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1
Q

Pro or Euk?

Asexual/ no nucleus

A

Prokaryotes

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2
Q

Pro or Euk?

Reproduces: binary fission, snapping division, budding

A

Prokaryote

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3
Q

Pro or Euk?

Complex structure

A

Eukaryote

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4
Q

Pro or Euk?

Simple Structure

A

Prokaryote

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5
Q

Pro or Euk?

Endospores

A

Prokaryote

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6
Q

Pro or Euk?

Bacteria
Archaea

A

Prokaryote

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7
Q

Pro or Euk?

Lack internal structures bound with phospholids

A

Prokaryote

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8
Q

Pro or Euk?

Small ~1.0 um

A

Prokaryote

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9
Q

Pro or Euk?

Internal membranes bound to organelles

A

Eukaryote

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10
Q

Pro or Euk?

Large 10-100 um

A

Eukaryote

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11
Q

Pro or Euk?

Complex

A

Eukaryote

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12
Q

Pro or Euk?

Algae, protozoa, fungi, animals, plants

A

Eukaryotes

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13
Q

Type of eukaryote- multicellular, long, sexual, asexual?

A

Fungi-Mold

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14
Q

Type of Eukaryote- unicellular, asexual with budding, some sexual, cell wall

A

Fungi-yeast

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15
Q

Type of eukaryote- single cell, asexual, some sexual

move–> pseudophodia (ext flow along),
cilia (short propel)
Flagella (ext longer than cilia, whip)

16
Q

Type of eukaryote: unicellular, multicellular
photosynthetic
simple reproduction

17
Q

Type of Prokaryotes:

peptidoglycan
some without cell wall

18
Q

Type of prokaryote:

Polymers and peptidoglycan

19
Q

Pro or Euk?

found in moisture and some are isolated

A

Prokaryote

20
Q

Type of reproduction:

split in half
cell replicates DNA, cytoplasm elongates to separate DNA molecules, cross wall forms, daughter cells separate

A

Binary fission

21
Q

Type of reproduction:

like fission
hinge, rupture outer wall

A

Snapping divison

22
Q

Type of reproduction:

nucleoid replicates
New nucleoid is moved into bud
Young bud pulls away
Daughter cell is formed

23
Q

What are endospores?

A

produced by Gram + Bacillus and clostridium

  • germinates to form one vegetative cell
  • Defense against unfavorable conditions
  • concern to food processors, health care professionals
24
Shapes of Prokaryotes
``` Coccus=ball Coccobacillus- mini bean Bacillus- big bean Vibrio- eggplant Spirillum- fat waves Spirochete- skinny longer waves Pleomorphic- random ```
25
What is the external structures of Bacteria cells?
Glycocalyes, flagella
26
Types of glycocalyes?
Capsule and slime layer polysaccharides, polypeptides, or both Sticky outside of cell
27
What are capsule glycocalyes?
Organized repeating units organic chemicals firmly attached surface Prevent bacteria from being recognized by host
28
What are slime layer glycocalyes?
Loosely attached Water soluble Sticky allows prokaryotes to attach to surface
29
Describe flagella
Movement, long structure beyond cell surface | NOT present on all bacteria
30
Structure of Flagella
Filament, hook, basal body Basal body anchors filament/hook to cell wall by a rode and two or four rings of integral proteins Attached to membrane/cell wall
31
Function of Flagella
- Rotation propels bacterium through environment - Rotation reversible - Bacteria move in response to stimuli (taxis)--runs/tumbles
32
Describe endospores
produced by some bacteria that are a defense strategy against unfavorable conditions "escape pod" of bacteria freeze anthrax and when thaws out it still goes to work Duplicate DNA and tuck it away into the escape pod