Prokaryotes/bacteria

Question 1

Bacterial cells

Answer 1

~0.2-2.0 µm (small)
Monomorphic-single shape
Pleomorphic-many shapes

Question 2

Bacillus (bacilli=plural)

Answer 2

rod shaped

Question 3

Coccus

Answer 3

spherical shaped

Question 4

Spiral

Answer 4

bacterial cell spiral arrangement

Question 5

Diplobacilli

Answer 5

pair of bacilli
Gram-positive

Question 6

Coccobacillus

Answer 6

intermediate of the cocci and bacillus shapes (oval)
Gram positive or negative

Question 7

Streptobacilli

Answer 7

rod shaped, cells joined in a chain
Gram-negative

Question 8

Fimbriae

Answer 8

hairlike appendages that allow for attachment

Question 9

Pili

Answer 9

involved in motility (gliding and twitching)

Question 10

Flagella

Answer 10

-Filamentous appendages external of the cell
-Propel bacteria
-Made up of flagellin protein
-Filament, hook, basal body

Question 11

Taxis

Answer 11

move away or toward a stimuli

Question 12

Escherichia coli O157:H7

Answer 12

causes a severe intestinal infection in humans

Question 13

Axial Filaments

Answer 13

(aka endoflagella)
-Found in spirochetes (like a corkscrew)

Question 14

Gram Negative bacteria

Answer 14

-protect from phagocytes, complement, antibiotics
-produce endotoxins
-low susceptibility to penicillin

Question 15

Gram positive bacteria

Answer 15

-produce exotoxins
-highly susceptible to penicillin
-disrupted by lysozyme

Question 16

Gram Stain

Answer 16

Crystal violet-iodine (CV-I)
Negative: CV-I is retained; cells are purple
Positive: CV-I washes out; cells are colorless
-Alcohol dehydrates peptidoglycan