Project Quality Management Terms

Question 1

Activity Network Diagram

Answer 1

These diagrams, such as the project network diagram, show the flow of the project work

Question 2

Affinity Diagram

Answer 2

This diagram breaks down ideas, solutions, causes, and project components and groups them together with other similar ideas and components

Question 3

Benchmarking

Answer 3

Comparing any two similar entities to measure their performance

Question 4

Cause-and-Effect Diagram

Answer 4

Diagrams that show the relationship between variables within a process and how those relationships may contribute to inadequate quality.

The diagrams can help organize both the process and team opinions, as well as generate discussion on finding a solution to ensure quality

Question 5

Checklist

Answer 5

A simple approach to ensure that work is completed according to the quality policy

Question 6

Control Chart

Answer 6

A quality control chart that maps the performance of project work over time

Question 7

Control Quality

Answer 7

An inspection-driven process that measures work results to confirm that the project is meeting the relevant quality standards

Question 8

Cost of Conformance

Answer 8

This is the cost associated with the monies spent to attain the expected level of quality. It is also known as the cost of quality

Question 9

Cost of non-conformance to Quality

Answer 9

The cost associated with not satisfying quality expectations. This is also known as the cost of poor quality

Question 10

Cost-Benefit Analysis

Answer 10

A process to study the trade-offs between costs and the benefits realized from those costs

Question 11

Design of Experiments

Answer 11

An approach that relies on statistical scenarios to determine what variables within a project will result in the best outcome

Question 12

External QA (Quality Assurance)

Answer 12

Assurance provided to the external customers of the project

Question 13

Flowchart

Answer 13

A diagram illustrating how components within a system are related. Flowcharts show the relation between components, as well as help the project team determine where quality issues may be present and, once done, plan accordingly

Question 14

Internal QA (Quality Assurance)

Answer 14

Assurance provided to management and the project team

Question 15

ISO (International Organization for Standardization)

Answer 15

ISO is Greek for “Equal”, while “International Organization for Standardization” in a different language would be abbreviated differently.

Question 16

Matrix Diagram

Answer 16

A data analysis table that shows the strength between variables and relationships in the matrix

Question 17

Pareto Diagram

Answer 17

A histogram that illustrates and ranks categories of failure within a project

Question 18

Quality

Answer 18

According to ASQ, the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills requirements

Question 19

Quality Assurance

Answer 19

A management process that defines the quality system or quality policy that a project must adhere to. QA aims to plan quality into the project rather than to inspect quality into a deliverable

Question 20

Quality Management Plan

Answer 20

This plan defines how the project team will implement and fulfill the quality policy of the performing organization

Question 21

Quality Metrics

Answer 21

The operational definitions that specify the measurements within a project and the expected targets for quality and performance

Question 22

Quality Planning

Answer 22

The process of first determining which quality standards are relevant to your project and then finding out the best methods of adhering to those quality standards

Question 23

Rule of Seven

Answer 23

A component of a control chart that illustrates the results of seven measurements on one side of the mean, which is considered “out of control” in the project

Question 24

Run Chart

Answer 24

A quality control tool that shows the results of inspection in the order in which they’ve occurred. The goal of a run chart is first to demonstrate the results of a process over time and then to use trend analysis to predict when certain trends may re-emerge

Question 25

Scatter Diagram

Answer 25

A quality control tool that tracks the relationship between two variables over time. The two variables are considered related the closer they track against a diagonal line

Question 26

Seven Basic Quality Tools

Answer 26

These 7 tools are used in quality planning and in quality control:

1. Cause-and-Effect Diagrams
2. Flow Charts
3. Check Sheets
4. Pareto diagrams
5. Histograms
6. Control Charts
7. Scatter Diagrams

Question 27

Tree Diagram

Answer 27

Tree diagrams show the hierarchies and decomposition of a solution, an organization, or a project team. The WBS and an org chart are examples of tree diagrams

Question 28

Trend Analysis

Answer 28

The science of using past results to predict future performance

Question 29

Work Performance Information

Answer 29

The results of the project work as needed. This includes technical performance measures, project status, information on what the project has created to date, corrective actions and performance reports