Project Quality Management Flashcards

1
Q

Activity Network Diagram

A

These diagrams, such as the project network diagram, show the flow of the project work.

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2
Q

Affinity Diagram

A

This diagram breaks down ideas, solutions, causes, and project components and groups them together with other similar ideas and components.

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3
Q

Benchmarking

A

Comparing any two similar entities to measure their performance.

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4
Q

Cause-and-effect Diagrams

A

Diagrams that show the relationship between variables within a process and how those relationships may contribute to inadequate quality. The diagrams can help organize both the process and team opinions, as well as generate discussion on finding a solution to ensure quality.

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5
Q

Checklist

A

A simple approach to ensure that work is completed according to the quality policy.

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6
Q

Control Chart

A

A quality control chart that maps the performance of project work over time.

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7
Q

Control Quality

A

An inspection-driven process that measures work results to confirm that the project is meeting the relevant quality standards.

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8
Q

Cost of Conformance

A

This is the cost associated with the monies spent to attain the expected level of quality. It is also known as the cost of quality.

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9
Q

Cost of Nonconformance to Quality

A

The cost associated with not satisfying quality expectations. This is also known as the cost of poor quality.

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10
Q

Cost-benefit Analysis

A

A process to study the trade-offs between costs and the benefits realized from those costs.

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11
Q

Design of Experiments

A

An approach that relies on statistical scenarios to determine what variables within a project will result in the best outcome.

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12
Q

External QA

A

Assurance provided to the external customers of the project.

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13
Q

Flowchart

A

A diagram illustrating how components within a system are related. Flowcharts show the relation between components, as well as help the project team determine where quality issues may be present and, once done, plan accordingly.

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14
Q

Internal QA

A

Assurance provided to management and the project team.

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15
Q

ISO

A

The abbreviation for the International Organization for Standardization. ISO is Greek for “equal,” while “International Organization for Standardization” in a different language would be abbreviated differently. The organization elected to use “ISO” for all languages.

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16
Q

Matrix Diagram

A

A data analysis table that shows the strength between variables and relationships in the matrix.

17
Q

Pareto Diagram

A

A histogram that illustrates and ranks categories of failure within a project.

18
Q

Quality

A

According to ASQ, the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills requirements.

Process of completing the scope to meet state or implied needs.

Planned (not inspected) into a project.

19
Q

Quality Assurance

A

A management process that defines the quality system or quality policy that a project must adhere to. QA aims to plan quality into the project rather than to inspect quality into a deliverable.

20
Q

Quality Management Plan

A

This plan defines how the project team will implement and fulfill the quality policy of the performing organization.

21
Q

Quality Metrics

A

The operational definitions that specify the measurements within a project and the expected targets for quality and performance.

22
Q

Quality Planning

A

The process of first determining which quality standards are relevant to your project and then finding out the best methods of adhering to those quality standards.

23
Q

Rule of Seven

A

A component of a control chart that illustrates the results of seven measurements on one side of the mean, which is considered “out of control” in the project.

24
Q

Run Chart

A

A quality control tool that shows the results of inspection in the order in which they’ve occurred. The goal of a run chart is first to demonstrate the results of a process over time and then to use trend analysis to predict when certain trends may reemerge.

25
Q

Scatter Diagram

A

A quality control tool that tracks the relationship between two variables over time. The two variables are considered related the closer they track against a diagonal line.

26
Q

Seven Basic Quality Tools

A

These seven tools are used in quality planning and in quality control: cause-and-effect diagrams, flowcharts, check sheets, Pareto diagrams, histograms, control charts, and scatter diagrams.

27
Q

Statistical Sampling

A

A process of choosing a percentage of results at random. For example, a project creating a medical device may have 20 percent of all units randomly selected to check for quality.

28
Q

System or Process Flowcharts

A

Flowcharts that illustrate the flow of a process through a system, such as a project change request through the change control system, or work authorization through a quality control process.

29
Q

Tree Diagram

A

Tree diagrams show the hierarchies and decomposition of a solution, an organization, or a project team. The WBS and an org chart are examples of tree diagrams.

30
Q

Trend Analysis

A

The science of using past results to predict future performance.

31
Q

Work Performance Information

A

The results of the project work as needed. This includes technical performance measures, project status, information on what the project has created to date, corrective actions, and performance reports.

32
Q

ISO 9000

A

Quality management and assurance. Effectively document quality system elements. Company follows own quality procedures.

33
Q

Kaizan Methodology

A

Small process and product improvements carried out on continued basis.

34
Q

Total Quality Management (TQM)

A

Business philosophy to find methods to continuously improve PPP.

35
Q

Seven Basic Quality Tools

A

Cause and effect, flowcharts, check sheets, Pareto, histograms, control charts, scatter diagrams.

36
Q

PDCA

A

Plan do check act cycle

Process for continuous improvement.

37
Q

Types of Quality Costs

A

Prevention - QA
Appraisal - QC
Failure - internal/external failure

38
Q

Design for X (DfX)

A

X is variable project trying to address. How does everything impact X. Could be reliability, safety, ROI.

39
Q

Quality Audits

A

Independent review of a projects policies, procedures, and processes .