Project Management Terms Flashcards
A temporary endeavor that
produces a unique product,
service, or result.
Project
Temporary in nature and has a
definite beginning and ending.
Project
Can be part of large Program or
Portfolio.
Project
The application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to satisfy project requirements.
Project Management
Group of related projects managed in a coordinated way to obtain benefits and control not available from managing them individually.
Program Management
True/False?
A program must have some value add when managing projects together as a program
True
True/False?
A project may or may not be part of a program, but a program will always have projects.
True
True/False?
A Program focuses on the project interdependencies and helps to determine the optimal approach for managing them.
True
True/False?
A program does not require value add when managing projects together as a program.
False
True/False?
A program may exist without any projects, and projects within a program are optional.
False
True/False?
A program focuses solely on individual projects without considering interdependencies or optimal management strategies.
False
A collection of projects, programs, subsidiary portfolios, and operations managed as a group to achieve strategic objectives.
Portfolio
True/False?
A portfolio achieves long-term strategic objectives?
True
Deals with the ongoing production of goods and/or Services.
Operations Management
Collections of Projects, Programs, subsidiarity Portfolios
Portfolio
Considers the acquisition, development, and utilization of resources that firms need to deliver the goods and services.
Operations Management
A collection of logically related project activities that culminates in the completion of one or more deliverables.
Project Phase
True/False?
The number of the phases depends on the industry type and size and the complexity of the project.
True
Any unique and verifiable product, service or result.
Project deliverable
A representation of the phases that a project typically goes through from start to finish.
Project Lifecycle
True/False?
A project lifecycle can be either predictive or adaptive.
True
True/False?
All project lifecycles are predictive.
False
True/False?
All project lifecycles are adaptive.
False
Framework within which project decisions are made.
Project Governance
What are the 3 pillars of project governance?
1) Structure
2) People
3) Information
Individuals, group, or organization that may affect, be affected, or perceive to be affected by the project.
Stakeholders
True/False?
The project manager is a key stakeholder?
True
True/False?
Customer is a key stakeholder?
True
True/False?
Project team is a key stakeholder?
True
True/False?
Project sponsor is a key stakeholder?True
True
True/False?
Functional Manager is a key stakeholder?
True
Which stakeholder provides resource and support?
Project sponsor
A _____________ is someone who takes the first step or proposes an idea or action. They are proactive in bringing forth new concepts, projects, or solutions to problems. They are often innovative, creative, and forward-thinking individuals who drive the initiation and development of ideas within a group or organization.
Initiator
A _____________ is an individual who engages in discussions to reach mutually agreeable solutions or outcomes. They focus on finding common ground, resolving conflicts, and reaching compromises that satisfy the interests of all parties involved. They possess strong communication, problem-solving, and interpersonal skills to facilitate effective processes.
Negotiator
A _____________ is someone who pays attention to others’ ideas, thoughts, or concerns during conversations or discussions. They give importance to active hearing people, empathizing with speakers, and comprehending the messages being conveyed. They create a supportive and respectful environment, encouraging open communication and fostering understanding among team members.
Listener
A _____________ is a person who guides and supports individuals or teams in achieving their goals, improving performance, and enhancing their skills. They provide constructive feedback, offer guidance, and assist in developing action plans. They help individuals unlock their potential, overcome challenges, and maximize their personal and professional growth.
Coach
A ______________ refers to an individual who actively participates as a member of a team or group. They contribute their knowledge, skills, and efforts towards achieving collective objectives. They collaborate with others, fulfill assigned tasks, and take responsibility for their contributions within the team dynamics.
Working member
A ______________ is someone who manages group processes, discussions, or meetings to ensure effective communication, collaboration, and decision-making. They create a structured environment, encourage equal participation, and help the group achieve its intended outcomes. They remain neutral, unbiased, and focus on maintaining a productive and inclusive atmosphere.
Facilitator
A ___________ is a significant event or achievement in a project that marks a key point or completion of a major deliverable.
Milestone
______________ refers to the amount of time it takes to complete a specific task or activity within a project.
Task Duration
Organizational Structure that standardizes the processes and facilitates the sharing of resources, methodologies, tools, and techniques.
PMO (Project Management Office)
What are the 3 types of PMO?
1) Supportive
2) Controlling
3) Directive
A __________ PMO helps the project manager, such as providing templates, training, or
lessons learned form other projects.
Supportive
A __________ PMO determines the framework or methodology and use of specific forms
Controlling
A __________ PMO controls the project. PM will be assigned and report to the PMO.
Directive
Which organizational structure groups staff members according to their area of expertise (sales, marketing,
construction, etc.) and require the project team members to report directly to the functional manager?
Functional
This organizational structure can be weak, balanced, or strong. The different structures are reflective of the project manager’s authority in relation to the functional manager’s authority.
Matrix
Which organizational structure has the PM as the greatest amount of authority? The project team is assigned to the project on a full-time basis. When the project is complete, the project team members moves on to other assignments within the organization.
Project Oriented/ Projectized
True/False?
In a Functional organization, the PM has high or total authority.
False
Resource availability in a Strong Matrix is higher than in a Weak Matrix.
False
Budget controls in a Projectized structure are managed by the Functional Manager.
False
In a Balance Matrix, the PM role can be either part-time or full-time.
True
In a Strong Matrix, resource availability is ________ to ________.
Moderate to High
In a Balance Matrix, budget control is ________.
Mixed
In a Functional structure, the PM’s authority is ________ or ________.
Little or None
Describe one key difference between budget control in a Balance Matrix versus a Strong Matrix.
In a Balance Matrix, budget control is mixed, while in a Strong Matrix, it is controlled by the Project Manager.
What are the 6 project constraints?
1) Scope
2) Schedule
3) Cost
4) Risk
5) Quality
6) Resources
Acquiring resources from outside the project team
Procurement
The ___________ project management approach follows a linear and sequential process. It involves detailed planning and
documentation upfront, with a focus on predicting and defining the project scope, objectives, timeline, and deliverables.
Predictive (aka: traditional/waterfall)
The ____________ project management approach focuses on flexibility, collaboration, and iterative development. It embraces change throughout the project and emphasizes continuous feedback and improvement.
Adaptive (aka: agile/iterative)
True/False?
Project management encompasses the strategic planning, development, and lifecycle management of a product or service.
False:
It’s product management
True/False?
Product management Focuses on the successful execution and delivery of specific projects within a defined scope, timeline, and budget.
False:
It’s project management
____________ are potential events or situations that may occur in the future and have an impact on the project’s success.
Risks
____________ refer to problems or challenges that arise during the course of a project. They are typically negative events or circumstances that can hinder progress or impact project objectives.
Issues
____________ are statements or beliefs that are considered to be true or valid for the purpose of planning and
decision-making.
Assumptions
_____________ are limitations or restrictions that affect project planning and
execution.
Constraints
A project is a _______ endeavor producing a unique product, service, or result.
Temporary
The three pillars of project governance are ______, ______, and ______.
Structure, People, Information
Program management focuses on ______ and determining the optimal approach for managing them.
Project interdependencies
Portfolio management achieves ______ objectives through strategic grouping of projects and programs
Strategic
A ______ is a collection of logically related activities culminating in deliverables.
Phase
In predictive project management, the process is ______ and sequential.
Linear
A ______ refers to a significant event marking a key point in a project.
Milestone
A ______ is any unique and verifiable product, service, or result.
Deliverable
Risks are ______ events that could impact the project’s success.
Potential
True/False: A project can exist without being part of a program or portfolio.
True
True/False: Operations management is temporary, like project management.
False
True/False: The adaptive approach to project management emphasizes strict control over change.
False
True/False: Stakeholder engagement is critical to project success.
True
True/False: The role of a project expeditor is the weakest in terms of decision authority.
True
True/False: A hybrid organizational structure combines elements of functional and project-oriented structures.
True
True/False: A supportive PMO dictates the methodology for project managers.
False
True/False: Functional managers usually have control over project budgets in weak matrix organizations.
True
True/False: Project managers are solely responsible for defining product strategies.
False
True/False: Constraints include factors like cost, schedule, and resources.
True
This organizational structure provides the greatest authority to the project manager.
Projectized
This term describes ongoing production of goods or services.
Operations management
The term for the project phase representation from start to finish.
Project life cycle
A guide or framework for project decision-making.
Project governance
A methodology focused on iterative and incremental development.
Adaptive project management
Which of the following is not a project constraint: Scope, Speed, Quality, Resources?
Speed
Who has the final say in budget decisions in a strong matrix organization: Project Manager, Functional Manager, Sponsor, PMO?
Project Manager
In a predictive approach, what type of changes are most encouraged: Frequent, Rare, None, Constant?
Rare
A project can achieve strategic objectives without being part of a portfolio.
False
Which is broader in scope: Program Management or Portfolio Management?
Portfolio Management
______ teams are a hallmark of the adaptive project management approach.
Self-organizing
______ is the ability to recognize and manage emotions in oneself and others.
Emotional Intelligence
The main deliverable of the initiation phase is the ______.
Business case
______ management ensures stakeholder expectations are understood and met.
Communication
Constraints that affect project planning and execution are called ______.
Project constraints
The weakest PM role is the ______.
Project expeditor
_______ enables organizations to optimize resources, methodologies, and tools.
Project Management Office (PMO)
A ______ adds value by managing related projects together.
Program
______ organizational structures rely heavily on functional managers for decision-making.
Functional
______ management is focused on the strategic development and optimization of a product.
Product
True/False: A deliverable can be both tangible and intangible.
True
True/False: A matrix organization always gives total authority to the functional manager.
False
True/False: Project sponsors are internal stakeholders only.
False
True/False: Adaptive management requires minimal documentation upfront.
True
True/False: Risks and issues are interchangeable terms.
False
