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PMP > Project Management Terms > Flashcards

Project Management Terms Flashcards

1
Q

A temporary endeavor that
produces a unique product,
service, or result.

A

Project

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2
Q

Temporary in nature and has a
definite beginning and ending.

A

Project

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3
Q

Can be part of large Program or
Portfolio.

A

Project

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4
Q

The application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to satisfy project requirements.

A

Project Management

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5
Q

Group of related projects managed in a coordinated way to obtain benefits and control not available from managing them individually.

A

Program Management

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6
Q

True/False?

A program must have some value add when managing projects together as a program

A

True

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7
Q

True/False?

A project may or may not be part of a program, but a program will always have projects.

A

True

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8
Q

True/False?

A Program focuses on the project interdependencies and helps to determine the optimal approach for managing them.

A

True

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9
Q

True/False?

A program does not require value add when managing projects together as a program.

A

False

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10
Q

True/False?

A program may exist without any projects, and projects within a program are optional.

A

False

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11
Q

True/False?

A program focuses solely on individual projects without considering interdependencies or optimal management strategies.

A

False

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12
Q

A collection of projects, programs, subsidiary portfolios, and operations managed as a group to achieve strategic objectives.

A

Portfolio

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13
Q

True/False?

A portfolio achieves long-term strategic objectives?

A

True

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14
Q

Deals with the ongoing production of goods and/or Services.

A

Operations Management

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14
Q

Collections of Projects, Programs, subsidiarity Portfolios

A

Portfolio

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15
Q

Considers the acquisition, development, and utilization of resources that firms need to deliver the goods and services.

A

Operations Management

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16
Q

A collection of logically related project activities that culminates in the completion of one or more deliverables.

A

Project Phase

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17
Q

True/False?

The number of the phases depends on the industry type and size and the complexity of the project.

A

True

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18
Q

Any unique and verifiable product, service or result.

A

Project deliverable

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19
Q

A representation of the phases that a project typically goes through from start to finish.

A

Project Lifecycle

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20
Q

True/False?

A project lifecycle can be either predictive or adaptive.

A

True

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21
Q

True/False?

All project lifecycles are predictive.

A

False

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22
Q

True/False?

All project lifecycles are adaptive.

A

False

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23
Q

Framework within which project decisions are made.

A

Project Governance

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24
Q

What are the 3 pillars of project governance?

A

1) Structure
2) People
3) Information

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25
Q

Individuals, group, or organization that may affect, be affected, or perceive to be affected by the project.

A

Stakeholders

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26
Q

True/False?

The project manager is a key stakeholder?

A

True

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27
Q

True/False?

Customer is a key stakeholder?

A

True

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28
Q

True/False?

Project team is a key stakeholder?

A

True

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29
Q

True/False?

Project sponsor is a key stakeholder?True

A

True

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30
Q

True/False?

Functional Manager is a key stakeholder?

A

True

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31
Q

Which stakeholder provides resource and support?

A

Project sponsor

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32
Q

A _____________ is someone who takes the first step or proposes an idea or action. They are proactive in bringing forth new concepts, projects, or solutions to problems. They are often innovative, creative, and forward-thinking individuals who drive the initiation and development of ideas within a group or organization.

A

Initiator

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33
Q

A _____________ is an individual who engages in discussions to reach mutually agreeable solutions or outcomes. They focus on finding common ground, resolving conflicts, and reaching compromises that satisfy the interests of all parties involved. They possess strong communication, problem-solving, and interpersonal skills to facilitate effective processes.

A

Negotiator

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34
Q

A _____________ is someone who pays attention to others’ ideas, thoughts, or concerns during conversations or discussions. They give importance to active hearing people, empathizing with speakers, and comprehending the messages being conveyed. They create a supportive and respectful environment, encouraging open communication and fostering understanding among team members.

A

Listener

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35
Q

A _____________ is a person who guides and supports individuals or teams in achieving their goals, improving performance, and enhancing their skills. They provide constructive feedback, offer guidance, and assist in developing action plans. They help individuals unlock their potential, overcome challenges, and maximize their personal and professional growth.

A

Coach

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36
Q

A ______________ refers to an individual who actively participates as a member of a team or group. They contribute their knowledge, skills, and efforts towards achieving collective objectives. They collaborate with others, fulfill assigned tasks, and take responsibility for their contributions within the team dynamics.

A

Working member

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37
Q

A ______________ is someone who manages group processes, discussions, or meetings to ensure effective communication, collaboration, and decision-making. They create a structured environment, encourage equal participation, and help the group achieve its intended outcomes. They remain neutral, unbiased, and focus on maintaining a productive and inclusive atmosphere.

A

Facilitator

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38
Q

A ___________ is a significant event or achievement in a project that marks a key point or completion of a major deliverable.

A

Milestone

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39
Q

______________ refers to the amount of time it takes to complete a specific task or activity within a project.

A

Task Duration

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40
Q

Organizational Structure that standardizes the processes and facilitates the sharing of resources, methodologies, tools, and techniques.

A

PMO (Project Management Office)

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41
Q

What are the 3 types of PMO?

A

1) Supportive
2) Controlling
3) Directive

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42
Q

A __________ PMO helps the project manager, such as providing templates, training, or
lessons learned form other projects.

A

Supportive

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43
Q

A __________ PMO determines the framework or methodology and use of specific forms

A

Controlling

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44
Q

A __________ PMO controls the project. PM will be assigned and report to the PMO.

A

Directive

45
Q

Which organizational structure groups staff members according to their area of expertise (sales, marketing,
construction, etc.) and require the project team members to report directly to the functional manager?

A

Functional

46
Q

This organizational structure can be weak, balanced, or strong. The different structures are reflective of the project manager’s authority in relation to the functional manager’s authority.

A

Matrix

47
Q

Which organizational structure has the PM as the greatest amount of authority? The project team is assigned to the project on a full-time basis. When the project is complete, the project team members moves on to other assignments within the organization.

A

Project Oriented/ Projectized

48
Q

True/False?

In a Functional organization, the PM has high or total authority.

A

False

49
Q

Resource availability in a Strong Matrix is higher than in a Weak Matrix.

A

False

50
Q

Budget controls in a Projectized structure are managed by the Functional Manager.

A

False

51
Q

In a Balance Matrix, the PM role can be either part-time or full-time.

A

True

52
Q

In a Strong Matrix, resource availability is ________ to ________.

A

Moderate to High

53
Q

In a Balance Matrix, budget control is ________.

A

Mixed

54
Q

In a Functional structure, the PM’s authority is ________ or ________.

A

Little or None

55
Q

Describe one key difference between budget control in a Balance Matrix versus a Strong Matrix.

A

In a Balance Matrix, budget control is mixed, while in a Strong Matrix, it is controlled by the Project Manager.

56
Q

What are the 6 project constraints?

A

1) Scope
2) Schedule
3) Cost
4) Risk
5) Quality
6) Resources

57
Q

Acquiring resources from outside the project team

A

Procurement

58
Q

The ___________ project management approach follows a linear and sequential process. It involves detailed planning and
documentation upfront, with a focus on predicting and defining the project scope, objectives, timeline, and deliverables.

A

Predictive (aka: traditional/waterfall)

59
Q

The ____________ project management approach focuses on flexibility, collaboration, and iterative development. It embraces change throughout the project and emphasizes continuous feedback and improvement.

A

Adaptive (aka: agile/iterative)

60
Q

True/False?

Project management encompasses the strategic planning, development, and lifecycle management of a product or service.

A

False:

It’s product management

61
Q

True/False?

Product management Focuses on the successful execution and delivery of specific projects within a defined scope, timeline, and budget.

A

False:

It’s project management

62
Q

____________ are potential events or situations that may occur in the future and have an impact on the project’s success.

A

Risks

63
Q

____________ refer to problems or challenges that arise during the course of a project. They are typically negative events or circumstances that can hinder progress or impact project objectives.

A

Issues

64
Q

____________ are statements or beliefs that are considered to be true or valid for the purpose of planning and
decision-making.

A

Assumptions

65
Q

_____________ are limitations or restrictions that affect project planning and
execution.

A

Constraints

66
Q

A project is a _______ endeavor producing a unique product, service, or result.

A

Temporary

67
Q

The three pillars of project governance are ______, ______, and ______.

A

Structure, People, Information

68
Q

Program management focuses on ______ and determining the optimal approach for managing them.

A

Project interdependencies

69
Q

Portfolio management achieves ______ objectives through strategic grouping of projects and programs

A

Strategic

70
Q

A ______ is a collection of logically related activities culminating in deliverables.

A

Phase

71
Q

In predictive project management, the process is ______ and sequential.

A

Linear

72
Q

A ______ refers to a significant event marking a key point in a project.

A

Milestone

73
Q

A ______ is any unique and verifiable product, service, or result.

A

Deliverable

74
Q

Risks are ______ events that could impact the project’s success.

A

Potential

75
Q

True/False: A project can exist without being part of a program or portfolio.

A

True

76
Q

True/False: Operations management is temporary, like project management.

A

False

77
Q

True/False: The adaptive approach to project management emphasizes strict control over change.

A

False

78
Q

True/False: Stakeholder engagement is critical to project success.

A

True

79
Q

True/False: The role of a project expeditor is the weakest in terms of decision authority.

A

True

80
Q

True/False: A hybrid organizational structure combines elements of functional and project-oriented structures.

A

True

81
Q

True/False: A supportive PMO dictates the methodology for project managers.

A

False

82
Q

True/False: Functional managers usually have control over project budgets in weak matrix organizations.

A

True

83
Q

True/False: Project managers are solely responsible for defining product strategies.

A

False

84
Q

True/False: Constraints include factors like cost, schedule, and resources.

A

True

85
Q

This organizational structure provides the greatest authority to the project manager.

A

Projectized

86
Q

This term describes ongoing production of goods or services.

A

Operations management

87
Q

The term for the project phase representation from start to finish.

A

Project life cycle

88
Q

A guide or framework for project decision-making.

A

Project governance

89
Q

A methodology focused on iterative and incremental development.

A

Adaptive project management

90
Q

Which of the following is not a project constraint: Scope, Speed, Quality, Resources?

A

Speed

91
Q

Who has the final say in budget decisions in a strong matrix organization: Project Manager, Functional Manager, Sponsor, PMO?

A

Project Manager

92
Q

In a predictive approach, what type of changes are most encouraged: Frequent, Rare, None, Constant?

A

Rare

93
Q

A project can achieve strategic objectives without being part of a portfolio.

A

False

94
Q

Which is broader in scope: Program Management or Portfolio Management?

A

Portfolio Management

95
Q

______ teams are a hallmark of the adaptive project management approach.

A

Self-organizing

96
Q

______ is the ability to recognize and manage emotions in oneself and others.

A

Emotional Intelligence

97
Q

The main deliverable of the initiation phase is the ______.

A

Business case

98
Q

______ management ensures stakeholder expectations are understood and met.

A

Communication

99
Q

Constraints that affect project planning and execution are called ______.

A

Project constraints

100
Q

The weakest PM role is the ______.

A

Project expeditor

101
Q

_______ enables organizations to optimize resources, methodologies, and tools.

A

Project Management Office (PMO)

102
Q

A ______ adds value by managing related projects together.

A

Program

103
Q

______ organizational structures rely heavily on functional managers for decision-making.

A

Functional

104
Q

______ management is focused on the strategic development and optimization of a product.

A

Product

105
Q

True/False: A deliverable can be both tangible and intangible.

A

True

106
Q

True/False: A matrix organization always gives total authority to the functional manager.

A

False

107
Q

True/False: Project sponsors are internal stakeholders only.

A

False

108
Q

True/False: Adaptive management requires minimal documentation upfront.

A

True

109
Q

True/False: Risks and issues are interchangeable terms.

A

False

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