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Progressives Unit Test Flashcards

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AP® U.S. History flashcards
1
Q

social gospel

A

philosophy that mankind is good, but is corrupted by the system of selfishness and competition(Capitalism). social gospel encourages a new group of reformers to emerge(Progressives)

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2
Q

socialism

A

the government owns, makes decisions, and splits profits

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3
Q

what are the two types of socialism

A

democratic and totalitarian

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4
Q

define democratic socialism

A

places like Sweden. govt owns most businesses and residents pay high taxes in exchange for commodities such as free health care and college

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5
Q

define totalitarian socialism

A

like Hitler and Stalin. no economical or political freedom for citizens. govt controls all economic systems. dictator controls govt.

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6
Q

what is grange

A

an organization for farmers. it’s purpose was to provide social outlet/education forum for isolated farm families. in 1870s members spend time/energy fighting railroads

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7
Q

cooperative

A

jointly owned commercial enterprises(mainly organized by farmers) that produces/distributes goods/services and is run for the benefit of the owners

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8
Q

Munn vs. Illinois

A

states could regulate railroads for the public good

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9
Q

Wabash vs. Illinois

A

only the federal govt can regulate railroads that cross state lines (basically every railroad)

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10
Q

William Jennings Bryan

A

congressman who supported silver coinage. ran for president against McKinley and was supported by the Populists. he lost to McKinley

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11
Q

Omaha Platform of 1892

A

populist beliefs of income tax, secret ballots, 8 hr workday, federal loans, federal reserve, direct election of senators, etc

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12
Q

bimetalism

A

wanting both silver and gold currency

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13
Q

muckrakers

A

people who tried to stir up the gilded age. tried to show the ugly at the bottom of the clear/gilded lake

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14
Q

Upton Sinclair

A

author of The Jungle which exposed the harsh conditions of the lives of immigrants as well as the dangerous practices of meat packing companies

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15
Q

Ida Tarbell

A

author of The History of the Standard Oil Company.exposed the Standard Oil Company and John D, Rockefeller

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16
Q

Pendleton Act

A

est 1883. government jobs should be awarded on basis of merit instead of political affiliation

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17
Q

referendum

A

a general vote by the electorate on a single political question that has been referred to them for a direct decision. when citizens vote on laws vs of state/national governments

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18
Q

recall

A

the people could remove an incompetent politician from office by having a second election

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19
Q

initiative

A

process of petitioning a legislature to introduce a bill

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20
Q

direct primaries

A

a primary where voters directly select the candidates who’ll run for office

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21
Q

NAWSA

A

National American Women’s Suffrage Association

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22
Q

square deal

A

various progressive reforms sponsored by the Roosevelt Administration. all americans entitled to an equal opportunity to succeed. focused on busting trusts. govt regulation of big businesses. fair chance of labor and environmental conservation.

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23
Q

Meat Inspection Act

A

Dictated strict cleanliness requirements for meatpackers and created the program of federal meat inspection

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24
Q

Pure Food and Drug Act

A

halted the sale of contaminated foods and medicines and called for truth in labeling

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25
Q

Trust Busting

A

Teddy Roosevelt was a huge trust buster he ordered the Justice Department to sue the Northern Securities Company(monopoly) for example

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26
Q

Coal Strike of 1902

A

140,000 coal miners in Pennsylvania demanded three things:
1) 20% raise
2) 9 hr workday
3) right to organize a union.
strike lasted 5 months. workers ended up receiving a 10% pay raise, 9 hr workday, and couldn’t strike/ form a union for next three years

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27
Q

Elkins Act

A

made it illegal for railroad officials to give and shippers to receive rebates for using specific railroads

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28
Q

what year was the Elkins Act passed?

A

1903

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29
Q

Hepburn Act

A

strictly limited the distribution of free railroad passes and also gave Interstate Commerce Commission right to set maximum railroad rates

30
Q

Bull Moose Party

A

aka the Progressive Party after Roosevelt returned from Africa as strong as a bull moose

31
Q

16th Amendment

A

income tax

32
Q

17th Amendment

A

direct election of senators

33
Q

18th Amendment

A

prohibition

34
Q

19th Amendment

A

women can vote

35
Q

NWSA

A

National Women’s Suffrage Association

36
Q

Susan B Anthony

A

lecturer for womens rights. quaker. believed men and women are equal.

37
Q

Jane Addams

A

est. the Hull House in Chicago in 1889. condemned war and poverty. won the nobel peace prize in 1931

38
Q

Hull House

A

most prominent American settlement house for immigrants

39
Q

Florence Kelley

A

worked at the Hull House

40
Q

fought for school nurses, factory safety codes, and public playgrounds. reform leaders

A

Jane Addams and Florence Kelley

41
Q

investigated the exploitation of child labor and was appointed state factory inspector by governor of IL. also founded the National Consumers League

A

Florence Kelley

42
Q

YMCA

A

Young Men’s and Women’s Christian Associations. est. pre civil war and combined physical and other kinds of education along with religious teachings

43
Q

Muller vs. Oregon

A

upheld Oregon’s 10 hour limit in 1908

44
Q

Clayton Anti Trust Act

A

passed 1914. corrected deficiencies of the Sherman Anti Trust Act by outlawing practices such as price discrimination

45
Q

Federal Trade Commision

A

passed 1914. could investigate companies and issue cease and desist orders against unfair practices.

46
Q

federal reserve system

A
  1. est. nation’s first central banking system since 1836. 12 district banks.
47
Q

Illinois Factory Act

A
  1. prohibited child labor and limited women’s working hours. Florence Kelley aided the passing of this act
48
Q

WCTU

A

Women’s Christian Temperance Union. founded 1874. publicized alcoholism’s role in causing health problems and family distress.

49
Q

Frances Willard

A

president of the WCTU

50
Q

National Child Labor Act

A
  1. federal ban on the interstate shipment of goods manufactured by children under the age of 14.
51
Q

Keating vs. Owen

A

Child labor act of 1916. Banned the sale of products from any factory/shop/etc that employed children under 14 or any mines that employed children under 16

52
Q

Bunting v Oregon

A

10 hour work day for men and women. Also time and a half wages for overtime

53
Q

First to believe that the power of the govt (including federal) should be used to actively improve the lives of citizens

A

Progressives

54
Q

Broke up 90 trusts

A

Taft

55
Q

Last liberal republican president

A

Teddy Roosevelt

56
Q

13th amendment

A

Abolished slavery

57
Q

14th amendment

A

Granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the US(included former slaves)

58
Q

15th amendment

A

The right to vote will not be denied bc of race

59
Q

The Payne-Aldrich Tariff was passed when and under whose administration?

A

1909 under Taft

60
Q

Eugenics

A

Belief that human character and habits could be inherited

61
Q

Margaret Sanger

A

Led the birth control movement

62
Q

Carrie Chapman Catt

A

Once president of NWSA

63
Q

What’s another name for the newlands act

A

National reclamation act of 1902

64
Q

What is the national reclamation act of 1902

A

Money from the sale of public lands in the west funded large scale irrigation projects. Est the precedent that federal govt. would manage thr precious waters resources of the West

65
Q

Who was the govenor of NJ

A

Wilson

66
Q

Who was president of the AFL

A

Samuel Gompers

67
Q

What is the underwood act

A

Reduce tariffs for the first time since the civil war

68
Q

Lucy Burns and Alice Paul

A

Formed the Congressional Union(national womens party)

69
Q

Gifford Pinchot

A

Head of the US Forest Service under Roosevelt

70
Q

Poll tax

A

Annual tax that had to be paid b4 u cud vote

71
Q

Plessy v ferguson

A

Legalized segregation

72
Q

Debt peonage

A

Bound laborers into slavery in order to pay off debts to employers

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