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Cold War Flashcards

1
Q

define the cold war

A

a quest for global domination of conflicting ideas/morals/values between the USA and the USSR that resulted in conflict/proxy wars/arms race

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2
Q

what is a long term cause of the cold war?

A

conflicting hopes/dreams/fears post WW2

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3
Q

what did the US want for the world?

A

a world that was:

  • capitalistic(open global markets)
  • democratic
  • self determination for all
  • no more imperialism
  • freedom of the seas
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4
Q

what did the USSR want the world to be like?

A
  • keep Germany weak and fragmented
  • global communism
  • end capitalistic imperialism
  • want buffer zone in eastern europe
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5
Q

what did france want the world to be like?

A

-keep Germany weak and fragmented
-wants to be a world power again
=regain all colonial possessions

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6
Q

what did Great Britain want the world to be like?

A
  • be a world power again
  • regain/hold colonies
  • freedom of the seas
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7
Q

what did the US fear?

A

-communism and the USSR bc the non aggression pact with hitler, they broke the Yalta agreement(Poland), warsaw uprising

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8
Q

what did the USSR fear?

A
  • Germany= bc Germany attacked them twice in 50 yrs. and in WW2 killed 20 million of its ppl with about half being civilians
  • US = sources of mistrust — keeping the atomic bomb a “secret”(not secret bc USSR was spying), delayed reaction to having 2 front war in WW2, and sending troops to defeat Bolshevik Revolution
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9
Q

when was the Cold War?

A

1946-1992

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10
Q

in what year does the USSR fall?

A

1992

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11
Q

what does france fear?

A

most feared Germany bc they attacked france three times in the last 75 years

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12
Q

what did GB fear

A

the USSR

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13
Q

what year was the Truman doctrine written

A

1947

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14
Q

this gave $400 million to Greece and Turkey to resist outside subjugation

A

Truman Doctrine

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15
Q

in what year was the marshall plan written

A

1947

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16
Q

this gave $13 billion to rebuild Europe

A

marshall plan

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17
Q

who came up with the marshall plan?

A

sec of state marshall

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18
Q

in what year was the berlin airlift

A

1948

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19
Q

when was NATO formed?

A

1948

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20
Q

why was the formation of NATO a turning point

A

because it was the first time the US was in a treaty alliance during peace time and it also broke George Washington’s precedent set in his farewell address(avoid foreign entanglements)

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21
Q

the soviets formed a union/alliance after NATO was formed called what

A

the warsaw pact

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22
Q

1949 was the year of what

A

the year of shocks

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23
Q

what three things happened during the year of shocks(1949)

A
  1. the soviets the atomic bomb
  2. china fell to communism
  3. the trial of alger hiss
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24
Q

describe the trial of alger hiss

A
  • Hiss was being accused of being a spy by Whitticer Chambers
  • Hiss worked for the FDR admin and actually turned out to be a spy when USSR fell historical archives were open to historians
  • led to the 2nd red scare “if alger hiss was a spy, anyone could be a spy”
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25
when was the Chinese revolution
1949
26
when was the Chinese civil war
1920-1949
27
who was the leader of the Chinese communists
Mao Zedong
28
who was the leader if the Chinese nationalists
Chiang Kai Shek
29
where did the nationalists in china retreat after losing the revolution
taiwan
30
the Truman administration was accused of being ________
hard on communism
31
why was the Truman admin accused of being hard on communism?
because they "allowed" china to fall to communism
32
when does north korea invade south korea
1950
33
what are the three firsts that happen during the Korean war?
1. US president sends troops w/o consulting congress first 2. UN used force for the first time 3. first concept of limited war
34
when was the UN est
1945
35
- 6 organizations/bodies from within - General assembly= each member nation gets one vote - Security council can take binding actions
the UN
36
what are the 5 permanent nations in the UN
1. USA 2. China 3. Great Britain 4. USSR 5. France
37
true or false: the permanent nations in the UN had veto power
true
38
how many member nations total are in the UN
15
39
the two koreas are divided by what
the 38th parallel
40
what technically ended the Korean war?
an armistice was signed. there was no peace treaty just a permanent cease fire
41
north korea was supported by who
USSR
42
who supported south korea
USA
43
what famous general was in charge of the Korean war
Douglas MacArthur
44
what battle in the Korean war created a two front war?
Inchon attack
45
why was MacArthur fired?
because he insulted the president publicly by going to congress trying to get public support
46
when was the national security act est
1947
47
the national security act created what?
the CIA
48
the FBI was created during what
the 1st red scare
49
who was the head of the FBI until his death in 1972
J Edgar Hoover
50
when was HUAC est
1938
51
in 1937 ____% of americans were in favor of outlawing the communist party
60
52
how many public teachers lost their jobs diring the red scare
600+
53
how long did the Hollywood 10 go to jail
6months to a year
54
Executive order no. 9835 set up what
the Federal Employees Loyalty Review Board
55
what est the Fed. Loyalty Review Board
Executive no. 9835
56
describe the Federal Employees Loyalty Review Board
workers can be fired if fount not loyal to the govt and the boards violated people's 6th amendment rights
57
who was Allen Dulles
the first director of the CIA
58
who was John Foster Dulles
secretary of state
59
describe the domino theory
if one country falls to communism, the surrounding region will fall to communism as well
60
by the end of the Eisenhower admin how many nukes were in the US possession
22,000
61
what is civil defense
duck/cover and bomb shelters; what to do in case of nuclear attack
62
what happened when hungary tried to get out of the warsaw pact
USSR sent in troops to crush the rebellion
63
when did stalin die
1954
64
who was stalin's successor
Nikita Kruschchev
65
when was Stalin's incompatible speech?
1946
66
when was the iron curtain speech?
1946
67
who gave the iron curtain speech
churchill
68
who broke the Yalta agreement and what did they do
USSR; stalin prosimed Roosevelt that he'd allow free elections in Poland but in july 1945 he broke that agreement
69
what does HUAC stand for
House UnAmerican Activities Committee
70
what did the HUAC do
investigate possible communist influence inside and outside of govt but famous for investigating hollywood
71
describe blacklisting
a blacklist is a list of ppl Hollywood executives condemned for having a communist background. those blacklisted had their careers ruined and could no longer work
72
what's the McCarran Act
unlawful to plan any action that might lead to the establishment of totalitarian dictatorships in US. it was vetoed Truman but Congress over ruled his veto

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