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2022-2023 > Progressive Unit Review > Flashcards

Progressive Unit Review Flashcards

1
Q

Nickname given to TR for his activism against powerful monopolies that hurt consumers and small business owners

A

Trust buster

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2
Q

Famous muckraker who tried to publicize the problems of poor tenement dwellers

A

Jacob Riis

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3
Q

Belief that people should treat others in society according to bible teachings like “do unto others”

A

Social Gospel

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4
Q

Idea that the government should not get involved in solving problems in the economy and society

A

Laissez faire

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5
Q

The belief that alcohol was harmful and should not be consumed

A

Temperance

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6
Q

Physical ailment TR suffered from as a child

A

Asthma

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7
Q

“Rowdy girl” whose National Women’s Party stood up for women’s suffrage in an active way

A

Alice Paul

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8
Q

Originally name of street cleaners, later came to mean anyone who tried to expose the ugliness of urbanization

A

Muckrakers

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9
Q

Organization created to defend Jews against prejudice and discrimination, now serves anyone in need

A

Anti-Defamation League

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10
Q

Supreme Court case that made segregation legal in the United States

A

Plessy v. Ferguson

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11
Q

Law that was supposed to curb monopolies’ power, it took TR to get Congress to actually enforce it and finally break up monopolies

A

Sherman Antitrust Act

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12
Q

African American reformer who advocated for increased education and skills training for black Americans, and believed there would be a gradual gain of respect for them in return by white American

A

Booker T. Washington

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13
Q

Term that means “covered in gold” but got used to describe time period where things in America looked great until you saw the problems beneath the surface

A

Gilded Age

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14
Q

Name of TR’s program of Progressive reform efforts during his Presidency

A

Square Deal

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15
Q

Corrupt organizations in cities that used money and violence to influence election outcomes

A

Political machines

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16
Q

Helped educate women about family planning

A

Margaret Sanger

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17
Q

Site of a deadly fire that called attention to dangerous working conditions

A

Triangle Factory

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18
Q

Began the settlement house movement in Chicago for the urban poor

A

Jane Addams

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19
Q

Political reform giving citizens the power to put a proposed new law directly on the ballot in the next election by collecting signatures on a petition

A

Initiative

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20
Q

Idea that wilderness areas should be protected, but still utilized for their natural resources that Americans could benefit from

A

Rational use

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21
Q

Carrie Chapman Catt’s organization to promote women’s suffrage

A

(NAWSA) National American Woman Suffrage Association

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22
Q

Created to assist African Americans in cities find jobs and help families in need, still operating today

A

Urban League

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23
Q

The Amendment that finally gave women the right to vote

A

19th Amendment

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24
Q

Political reform that allowed voters to remove incompetent elected officials from their positions before their terms ended

A

Recall

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25
Q

TR’s proudest accomplishment as President

A

Panama Canal

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26
Q

Formed the National Association of Colored Women and also worked to help end lynching in America

A

Ida B. Wells

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27
Q

African American reformer who called for black Americans to demand their social and civil rights

A

W.E.B. Du Bois

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28
Q

Organization that aimed to help African Americans secure civil rights, and allowed white Americans to join as well

A

(NAACP) National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

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29
Q

5 areas of concerns for the Progressives in America

A

Political machines; urban poor; crowded cities with a lack of adequate services; child labor; harsh conditions endured by labor workers

30
Q

The life of the urban poor in America during the Gilded Age

A

Usually lived in tenement buildings, where the conditions were usually dirty and unhealthy to live in. Including a poor water system, and the harsh conditions the urban poor used to face at work.
Unsafe conditions

31
Q

Jacob Riis

A

Wanted the people of America to know how the people living in the tenements and cities. He wanted to expose the harsh conditions, so he decides to take pictures of the unsafe tenements buildings, and puts them in his book “How the Other Half Live.”

32
Q

Lincoln Steffens

A

published the book “The Shame of the Cities,” which talks about political corruption. He showed how corrupt politicians won elections by bribing and threatening voters, and revealed how political corruption affected all aspects of life in a city

33
Q

Jane Addams

A

She became a leading figure in the settlement house, which settlement houses were community center that provided social services to the urban poor. Addams opened her own in Chicago in 1889, which later expanded.

34
Q

Upton Sinclair

A

The author of “The Jungle.” Throughout the book, he wanted to show the despair of immigrants working in Chicago’s stockyards and revealed the unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking plants.

35
Q

Social Gospel

A

Social Gospel followed the Bible teachings about charity and justice, for building a better society.
(Ex: The Golden Rule)

36
Q

Social Darwinism

A

It was a system that allowed people to be superior to others and therefore destined to rule over them. It allowed the superiors to mistreat the ones that had less (ex. urban poor).

37
Q

Niagara Movement

A

Group of African American thinks that pushed for immediate racial reforms, particularly in education and voting practices.

38
Q

Anti-Defamation League

A

Created to defend Jews against prejudice and discrimination, which now serves anyone in need

39
Q

Mutualists

A

Groups that made loans and provided legal assistance, and also had insurance programs to help members if they were too sick to work

40
Q

Carlos Montezuma

A

A Native American that helped establish the society of American Indians in 1911, first organization for Indian rights to protest federal Indian policy

41
Q

The Jungle

A

Author: Jacob Riis
Meant to expose the workers working in the filthy, dangerous Chicago stockyards. But it also revealed how the meatpacking plants were processing its meat in a unhealthy way.

42
Q

What impact did The Jungle have on America?

A

In response, Congress quickly passed the nation’s first legislation regulating the meat, food, and drug industries (Meat Inspection Act, and Pure Food and Drug Act).

43
Q

Triangle Factory Fire

A

A fire that broke out in NYC in March 1911. Killed 146 workers.

44
Q

Which reform resulted from the fire at the Triangle Factory?

A

Workers compensation laws

45
Q

Political machine

A

City officials who built corrupt organizations. they used bribery and violence to influence voters and win elections

46
Q

How did political machine affected the poor?

A

The political machines’ bribes and shady deals made them rich while the conditions for the urban poor remained unsafe and little changed

47
Q

National Consumers League

A

The NCL labeled items with it being made safe fairly, and in good working conditions. The NCL told women to buy their goods and avoid products that did not have their label.

48
Q

NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)

A

They aimed to help African Americans secure civil rights, focused on the battle for equal access to decent housing and professional careers like teaching.

49
Q

Urban League

A

It was created to assist African Americans in cities find jobs and families in need

50
Q

NAWSA (National American Women Suffrage Association)

A

Group founded by Carrie Chapman Catt in 1890 that worked on both the state and national levels to earn women the right to vote

51
Q

National Woman’s Party

A

Founded by Alice Paul, which believed that drastic steps were needed to win the vote

52
Q

Temperance (movement)

A

The practice of never drinking alcohol

53
Q

Why did women practice temperance?

A

They felt that alcohol often led men to spend their earnings on liquor, neglect their families, and abuse their wives

54
Q

Booker T. Washington

A

He told blacks to move slowly toward racial progress, believing that African Americans would gradually win white Americans respect and eventually would be able to exercise their full voting and citizenship rights

55
Q

W.E.B. Du Bois

A

Du Bois went against Booker’s ways and he urged African Americans to demand immediately all rights guaranteed by the Constitution

56
Q

The concept of “rational use” suggested that ___

A

forests be preserved for public use

57
Q

How TR viewed America’s wilderness areas and how he believed they needed to be managed?

A

TR thought that not all wild areas should be preserved or left untouched, but that some of the wild lands held valuable resources. So TR drew on the “rational use” ideas

58
Q

TR supported powerful corporations that ___

A

did business fairly

59
Q

Square Deal

A

TR’s program of reforms to keep the wealthy and powerful from taking advantage of small business and the poor.

60
Q

Accomplishments of TR during his Presidency

A

–Trust-busting
–Helping settle the 1902 coal strike
–Passage of the Elkins Act, Hepburn Act, Meat Inspection Act, Pure Food and Drug Act, and Newlands Act
–Establishing 51 wildlife refuges, 150 national forests, 5 national parks, and 18 natural monuments (230 million acres)
–The Panama Canal

61
Q

What was TR’s most proudest accomplishment during President?

A

The Panama Canal

62
Q

Direct primary

A

An election in which citizens vote to select nominees for upcoming elections

63
Q

Muckrakers

A

People reporting on the hazardous conditions in factories and cities during the Progressive Era

64
Q

Referendum

A

Allowed citizens to approve or reject laws passed by a legislature

65
Q

What social problem did Upton Sinclair’s novel “The Jungle” describe?

A

The living and working conditions in Chicago’s stockyards

66
Q

Many Progressive reformers targeted city officials who built corrupt organizations called

A

Political machines

67
Q

The United States was number one at what during the Progressive Era

A

Industrial accidents

68
Q

President Theodore Roosevelt promoted a program called the _____ to protect the interests of small business owners and the poor

A

Square Deal

69
Q

Meat Inspection Act

A

Required federal inspection of meat-processing plants

70
Q

Hepburn Act

A

Gave the government the authority to set and limit shipping costs.

71
Q

The National Reclamation Act directly affected the management of which natural resource

A

Water

72
Q

Under Theodore Roosevelt, the President’s powers___

A

Expanded influence in American’s everyday lives

2022-2023 (11 decks)

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