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2022-2023 > Chapter's 3-4 (Civil War) US History Review > Flashcards

Chapter's 3-4 (Civil War) US History Review Flashcards

1
Q

Who killed President Lincoln?

A

John Wilkes ‘Booth’

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2
Q

What the Confederate states believed was appropriate once Lincoln won the election in 1860?

A

Secession

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3
Q

This General was as hard to get around as the object he’s named for

A

Stonewall Jackson

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4
Q

What was the site of the first battle of the Civil War

A

Fort Sumter

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5
Q

The style of attack when the enemy is surrounded and cut off from supplies or assistance, used at Vicksburg

A

Siege

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6
Q

What two European nations the South hoped to get on their side

A

England and France

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7
Q

Who was the Union General who irritated Lincoln with his lack of aggression?

A

General McClellan

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8
Q

Who are the people who spoke out about and tried to end slavery?

A

Abolitionists

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9
Q

Who were the states who lost the Civil War?

A

Confederate States of America

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10
Q

What killed more soldiers during the war rather than bullets?

A

Diseases

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11
Q

The style of attack against military and civilian targets. designed to weaken the enemy and destroy their capability to fight back

A

Total war

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12
Q

What city surrendered by the success of the Anaconda Plan?

A

Vicksburg

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13
Q

What Union General was known for using total war to destroy Georgia and help bring down the South?

A

General William ‘Sherman’

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14
Q

What was the early battle in Tennessee that gave General Grant the reputation for winning no matter how many casualties were inflicted?

A

The Battle of Shiloh

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15
Q

Who was a member of Lincoln’s assassination conspiracy who once lived in Live Oak?

A

Lewis Powell

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16
Q

What was the first big victory for the South, and was also another win for the South later on?

A

Bull Run

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17
Q

What the nation finally became, after the war was won by the North?

A

United

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18
Q

What act from 1850 made escaping slavery in America nearly impossible?

A

Fugitive Slave Act

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19
Q

Who was the lady who saved many lives and founded the American Red Cross?

A

Clara Barton

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20
Q

What was the declaration (proclamation) that freed slaves in the South?

A

Emancipation proclamation

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21
Q

What were the states that were in the middle of the controversies in Civil War?

A

Border states

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22
Q

Who was the man who went overboard multiple times to try and end slavery?

A

John Brown

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23
Q

What is a blockade?

A

When a passage into or out of an area is interfered or blocked

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24
Q

What was the capital city of the Confederate States of America?

A

Richmond, Virginia

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25
What method did the North use to cut off southern ports and weaken the Confederacy by controlling the Mississippi River?
Anaconda Plan
25
What method did the North use to cut off southern ports and weaken the Confederacy by controlling the Mississippi River?
Anaconda Plan
26
What amendment ended slavery in America
Thirteenth Amendment
27
What General was known for his willingness to expand lives in order to win?
Ulysses S. Grant
28
Who was known to lead hundreds of slaves to freedom on the Underground?
Harriet Tubman (known as 'Black Moses')
29
Who was the President of the Confederate States of America
Jefferson Davis
30
What was one of the South's biggest advantages during the war?
General Robert E. Lee
31
What is it called when mutual agreements that took place in Congress between abolitionists and slave-supporting folks, never worked out and eventually led to war?
Compromise's
32
Dred Scott (Decision)
The slave that was told he could never hope to be anything else, and Congress couldn't do anything about it
33
What soldiers formed the 54th Massachusetts unit?
African Americans
34
What was the name of the warships used for the first time in the Civil War, and what describes the way they were covered to deflect enemy fire?
Iron clads
35
What was the legal right that Lincoln decided to ignore during the protests throughout the Civil War; meaning "produce the body" in Latin?
Habeas corpus
36
What was a way (routes) to escape to freedom for slaves from the South?
Underground Railroad
37
What battle was the bloodiest single day of the war?
The Battle of Antietam
38
What battle was the 'greatest battle of the war,' and resulted in 50,000-plus casualties (deaths)?
The Battle of Gettysburg
39
What was the issue that split America apart?
Slavery
40
What were the outcomes of the Compromise of 1850?
*Opened New Mexico and Utah territories to slavery by applying popular sovereignty *Ended the slave trade in Washington D.C. *Strict Fugitive Slave Act (forced all Americans to return fugitive slaves to their masters or face arrest)
41
Popular sovereignty
Political policy that permitted the residents of federal territories to decide on whether to enter the union as free or slave states
42
"Bleeding" Kansas
The fighting between proslavery and antislavery forces
43
1860 Election
*Lincoln won the election, with 40 percent of the popular vote and almost 60 percent of the electoral vote *The split of the Democratic Party (Democratic and Southern-Democratic)
44
Founders of the Republican Party and their purpose
Founded by antislavery Democrats, Whigs, Free-Soilers, and Know-Nothing; To oppose the expansion of slavery into the territories
45
First Presidential Candidate for the Republican Party
John C Fremont (not Lincoln)
46
Lincoln's inaugural address to the South
"I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the states where it exists"
47
Which state seceded from the U.S. first and why?
South Carolina because they describe the President as "who opinions and purposes are hostile to slavery"
48
Why did 11 states eventually try to leave the U.S.A.?
Southern States believed that they had to take that step to protect their property and their way of life
49
Why did the Confederate States promise to stop importing slaves?
They hoped to win formal recognition from England/Britain and France so that they provide military aid to them, and to trade with them
50
Advantages for the North
*Larger railroad networks *Navy to do blockades *Manufacturing (factories) *European immigrants working in factories *Lincoln's leadership, with an established government
51
Advantages for the South
*Strong military traditions *Psychological (fight or die) *War attrition *Fighting happened mostly in the South *Playing defensively during the war *North devoted their military resources to defend Washington D.C. (the Union capital was near a Confederate State) *Robert E. Lee and the military leaders
52
Why did the war last so long if the North had so many advantages?
The North struggled to find a commander of such caliber. They lacked military leaders with great experience
53
Why did Lincoln deliver the Emancipation Proclamation?
He hoped the proclamation might convince some southern states to surrender before the January 1 deadline
54
Why was the first large battle at Bull Run so surprising?
It proved a shock to those who had hoped the war would end quickly-- and who were unprepared for the carnage modern warfare could produce
55
Outcome at the 2nd Battle at Bull Run
Lee's Confederate's handed the Union a crushing defeat. The battle energized Lee and led to Lincoln to call McClellan back to commander
56
What was important about the port in New Orleans?
Once they seized the New Orleans port, they can continue to sail north, hoping to capture the Confederate's stronghold of Vicksburg, Mississippi (part of the Anaconda Plan)
57
What was the next thing a soldier had to worry about if he survived being wounded in the Civil War?
Worry about their lives in camps. It presented dangers like: poor drinking and lack of sanitation often led to a rapid spread of illness. That led towards death in most cases
58
Ways women participated during the Civil War
*Taking over the jobs the soldiers once had (ex: businesses, farms, plantations) *A few women masqueraded as men to join the battle *African American women in the South served as spies and guards *Some women, like Clara Barton, developed interest in nursing, to assist returning soldiers and their families
59
What was important about the timing of the Emancipation Proclamation?
After the Union failure at the Second Battle of Bull Run, such a proclamation might look like an act of desperation. Weeks later, the Union won the battle of Antietam, and Lincoln had gotten the victory he needed to move forward with the emancipation
60
Bloodiest day of the war?
Battle of Antietam
61
Bloodiest battle of the war?
Battle of Gettysburg
62
How did African-Americans participate in the Civil War?
*African American troops were usually assigned the simple tasks, such as cooking, cleaning or digging latrines *African Americans volunteered to be part of the fighting to end slavery (ex: 54th Massachusetts Regiment, respected for their discipline, and courage in a battle at Fort Wagner in Charleston harbor) *Due to plantation owners putting their trust on slaves to manage their farms, the Union took advantage of that and enlisted them to produce food for the Union Armies *Other African Americans used their familiarity with the terrain to serve as spies or scouts for Union Armies
63
What was significant about the fighting at Vicksburg, Mississippi?
Union General Grant wanted Vicksburg to be placed under siege, which ended up working. But before, Vicksburg was hard to capture, with the city's western being guarded by Confederate gunners, they could rain deadly fire on any gunboats that might approach. Also, Vicksburg's location also protected it from attacks by land
64
What happened the last time the South tried to invade and attack the North?
The Battle of Gettysburg was the last time the South invaded the North. The South tried to capture Gettysburg, but failed due to the Union army having the higher ground and seeing every move the South made. Out of the 50,000 dead and wounded, about half were Confederates-- nearly a third of Lee's fighting force. The South had suffered a crushing defeat
65
Difference between a siege and total war
Total war targets civilians, but a siege does not
66
What was the turning point in the war Between the States?
The Battle of Gettysburg
67
Why is General William Tecumseh Sherman still hated by the southerners?
Throughout the journey, he striked military and civilian targets, destroyed materials and crops that enemy forces might be able to use, destroyed railroads and factories to damage the local economy, etc. (he used the total war strategy). That's why the South hates him
68
What happened to African-Americans in the south when the Civil War ended?
Some African Americans went west to take advantage of the Homestead Act; some went North to find jobs at factories. They were now free from slavery
69
Frederick Douglas
The foremost African American abolitionist journalist, and orator of his time, traveled the Untied States and spoke about against slavery

2022-2023 (11 decks)

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